20 GIBBS AND HOLMES. 
in the morning when we were about to depart, sent word to the captain- 
general, asking him for love of him to wait two days until he should have 
his rice harvested, and other trifles attended to. He asked the captain- 
general to send him some men to help him, so that it might be done sooner, 
and said that he intended to act as our pilot himself. The captain sent 
him some men, but the kings ate and drank so much that they slept all 
the day. Some said to excuse them that they were slightly sick.” 
In 1565, Governor Legaspi recognized the evil effects of the native 
beverages. He ordered: ° “ ‘that wine should not be brought or sold within 
the camp, and that the Spaniards should not buy it. He told Tupas and 
the chiefs that, as the Spaniards were not accustomed to this land, and 
were but recently come thither, it was not good for them to drink this wine, 
and that some of them had become sick. And he asked that Tupas neither 
consent to it, nor bring wine to the Spaniards.’ The traffic still went on 
nevertheless, ‘secretly and at night,’ and the Spaniards gave themselves 
up to it entirely, saying ‘that it was better than that of Castilla.’ ” 
In a document which purports to be a letter* from Mirandaola to the 
king, dated June 8, 1574, it is stated that the natives “have wines of many 
kinds: brandy, made from palm-wine (which is obtained from the cocoa-nut 
palm, and from the wild nipa palm) ; pitarrillos, which are the wines made 
from rice, millet, and borona; and other wines, made from sugar-cane.” 
Captain Artieda’ wrote: 
“The cocoa-palm offers the greatest means of sustenance to the natives, 
for they obtain from it wine, fruit, oil, and vinegar. * * * The natives 
sustain life by eating little and drinking much—so heavily, that it is a 
marvel if they are not drunken all the time, or at least from noon on. And 
the more important their position, the more intoxicated do they become, 
for they have more to spend for this purpose.” 
In 1619, Captain Sebastian de Pineda*® wrote to the king regarding a 
great evil which, if not checked, will in time cause great evil to the country. 
(Mexico.) 
“This consists in the fact that there are in Nueva Espana so many of 
those Indians who come from the Filipinas Islands who have engaged in 
making palm wine along the other seacoast, that of the South Sea, and 
which they make with stills, as in Filipinas, that it will in time become a 
part reason for the natives of Nueva Espana, who now use the wine that 
comes from Castilla, to drink none except what the Filipinos make.” 
In 1762, Governor Anda‘ ordered the governor of Guagua to forbid the 
sale of nipa wine and destroy all found in the taverns. 
In 1837, Blanco * writes of the injurious effects of the coco distillates as 
follows: 
“If after the fermentation of the tuba, the liquor is distilled over, an 
alcohol, more or less passable is obtained. This beverage is good for the 
natives and Europeans who are accustomed to it, but the drinkers who are 
? Tbhid. 2, 137. 
“Tbid. 3, 55, 56 foot-note. 
*Tbid. 3, 202. 
*Tbid. 18, 184. 
"Ibid. 49, 148. 
* Flora de Filipinas, 1st ed. (1887), 719; 2nd ed. (1845), 497. 
