ILLUSTRATIONS. 
PLATE I. 
A primitive still called caua. For a long time this was the standard type 
of apparatus used in the Philippines, but now it is only used for illicit 
distillation. (Photograph loaned by Bureau of Internal Revenue.) 
PLATE II. 
A primitive distillery in the nipa district of Pangasinan Province near 
the Gulf of Lingayen. The photograph shows the copper pot, tubs con- 
taining condenser and condenser water, and two natives in the act of 
filling the still for a run. The earthen vessels used for transporting 
tuba are on the floor. (Photograph by Cortes.) 
PLATE III. 
The exterior of the same distillery, showing the drawing of water for the 
condenser, by hand, from a well at the river-bank, and the pipe for con- 
ducting the water to the condenser. (Photograph by Cortes.) 
PLATE IV. 
The interior of the storage room of the same distillery, showing the storage 
barrels for alcoholic beverages, fitted with gauge glasses. (Photograph 
by Cortes.) 
PLATE V. 
Rectifying apparatus and boiler in plant of Ayala and Company, Manila, 
made by D. Savalle, Fils et Cie., Paris. 
PLATE VI. 
View of the plant of Ynchausti and Company, Manila, from the water-front. 
The other side of the building fronts on Calle Tanduay. This distillery 
has the largest capacity of any plant in the Hast. The unloading of the 
cascoes is shown. These cascoes are fitted with iron storage tanks holding 
from 16,000 to 20,000 liters and are used for transporting alcohol from 
the Bulacan-Pampanga district across Manila Bay. (Photograph by 
Martin.) 
PLATE VII. 
A rectifying still in Ynchausti and Company’s plant, manufactured by 
Désiré Dubois, Bruxelles. Capacity 25,000 liters. This still can handle 
300,000 liters per month, producing 150,000 liters of 185 proof alcohol. 
(Photograph by Martin.) 
PLATE VIII. 
One of the storage rooms of Ynchausti and Company, having a capacity of 
150,000 liters. The total storage capacity of this distillery is about 
1,000,000 liters. (Photograph by Martin.) 
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