NORTHWESTERN PANGASINAN. 965 
These fossils assign the formation to the Miocene and Pliocene. 
At Anda, Smith reports the beds as lying nearly horizontal, 
which would be expected from their similar position at the town 
of Bani, and found the following fossils: F'usus sp., Morio echino- 
phora Linn., Hindsia dyki Mart. The reported existence of 
fossil elephant’s teeth at this place could not be confirmed. 
At Barlo, from where the sedimentaries extend across the 
length of the Alaminos Valley to Bani, the bedding shows folding, 
and dips as high as 30° northwest were recorded. The strike 
is generally north 30° east. At this place the contact with the 
ancient land mass can be seen and the relative age determined 
beyond question. The greater dip of the sedimentaries near the 
contact is in part due to the slope of the land mass, but in part 
it appears to be due to the uplift which slightly folded the beds at 
this place. In the process of uplift the greatest contortion is 
frequently found close to the land mass against which the pres- 
sure was directed. Along the Front Range of Colorado, U.S. A., 
the sedimentaries make a pronounced U-fold close to the contact 
and within a few miles flatten out into the horizontal beds extend- 
ing across the Great Plains. 
From Dasol, the sedimentaries extend southward along the 
west flank of the Zambales. South of Dasol, between Palauig 
and Santa Cruz, Von Drasche discovered a marl which is 
undoubtedly an extension of the Dasol marls. As stated by 
Martin :*° 
The occurrence of Miocene in the Philippines was first established by 
Karrer through investigation of Foraminifera which came from the western 
slope of the Sierra Zambales on the western coast of northern Luzon. There 
occur tuffaceous foraminifera bearing marls up to altitudes of 400 feet 
along the sea coast between Palauig and Santa Cruz and, perhaps still 
farther north. These marls are compared by Karrer with those from 
Java and elsewhere. He reached the conclusion that the marls in question 
are younger than certain Javanese beds which at that time had already 
been assigned to the Miocene, but he calls attention to the fact that the 
difference in age need not be considered so great as to necessitate assign- 
ment to different divisions of the Tertiary, since they probably represent 
only older and younger horizons. Accordingly Karrer correlates the marls 
of the Sierra Zambales as younger Miocene. 
The foraminifera which appear to characterize the Palauig 
marls were not found in the few specimens collected from the 
beds near Dasol. However, their proximity, continuity, and 
* Martin, K., Sammlungen des geologischen Reichs-Museums in Leiden 
(1896), 5, 58-69. Translated by George F. Becker as a complement to his 
paper. Jbid., 130. 
