294 COX, REIBLING, AND REYES. 
USES FOR SAND BRICK AND ARTIFICIAL STONE. 
Good sand-lime bricks are sanitary, their hygroscopic prop- 
erties are very slight (about 1.5 per cent in air), they absorb 
very little water when wet (6 to 10 per cent), do not efilo- 
resce, and in every way apparently meet the demands of tropical 
climatic conditions as a desirable structural material. 
We have considered only the application of these processes 
to the manufacture of ordinary building stone. Fortunately 
there are other uses to which either the reconstructed stone or 
the sand-lime process can be applied; namely, the manufacture 
of building blocks, sills, caps, fence posts, slabs, tiles, wall-cop- 
ings, templates, jambs, lintels, steps, landings, curbstones, pipes, 
sidewalk slabs, and ornamental work such as elaborate moldings, 
monuments, flower pots, posts, vases, statuary, garden seats, 
and artificial marble. Plate I shows a small segment of a rein- 
forced, reconstructed-stone beam designed to support glass plates 
on the roofs of hothouses. The photograph shows the smooth 
hard surfaces and clean edges obtainable, and suggests a wide 
range of application for artificial sandstone products such as 
are shown in Plate II. The various articles may be manufac- 
tured in trade sizes and patterns by tamping portions of the raw 
mixture into special molds and then hardening in the usual 
manner; or the material can be pressed into blocks, and, while 
still soft, cut by hand or machine into almost any design. Fre- 
quently the profits of a sand-brick plant can be augmented by 
manufacturing such articles, and the expense for the necessary 
additional equipment is comparatively small. 
The manufacturer of sand brick or artificial stone must depend 
upon large and fairly regular sales for profitable returns. A 
factory with a capacity and market below 15,000 bricks per day 
would probably not be a very good investment. It will require 
several years to create a demand in the Philippines large enough 
to keep a factory of greater capacity in constant operation. On 
the other hand, there is a demand for such articles as fence posts, 
tiles, steps, sidewalk slabs, pipes, and ornamental work, and a 
plant equipped to manufacture these as well as the ordinary 
building stone has an opportunity successfully to establish a good 
and growing business. 
The usual, continuous horizontal joints of brick walls are a 
source of weakness. This is especially undesirable in countries 
subjected to earthquake shocks, and should be overcome by special 
