350 COX, REIBLING, AND REYES. 
TABLE XX.—Hstimates of the amount of labor and raw materials for a 
daily production of 20,000 bricks. 
5 | 9-inch bricks of best quality 
Common bricks. | with an average equipment. 
5, International | 
Labor and materials. San q-lime I deal Brick 
Mire. Gon Mige Noe | Bureau of Science. 
| Melbourne, | York City.» | 
Australia.® 
1 (European or American). 
| 1 (Filipino). 
Do. 
14 (Filipinos).¢ 
70 tons = 60 cubic yards = 46 
| cubic meters. 
Quicklime or its equivalent in hy- | 3.0 tons____- 3.0 tons____- 6.0 tons — 10 per cent slaked 
drated lime. lime. 
Coal or its equivalent in wood, gas, or | 3.0 tons_-___- 2% tons to 4 | 3.0 tons. 
oil. ( | tons. 
[oR ee RR 
"Cem. & Eng. News (1911), 23, 1380. 
» Sand-Lime Bricks and Blocks: Ideal Brick Machinery Co., New York City. 
¢ This figure includes men for handling the sand, lime, and bricks. 
4 We consider that the above estimates of 62 and 42.5 tons of sand are much too low 
as the average weight of good sand-lime bricks is about 8 pounds. Likewise, the lime 
estimates of 3 tons must be regarded as inadequate for a uniform, good product. Our 
estimates for sand and lime are higher than is necessary for common brick. They are 
based on the requirements of face brick. 
The economic problems involved in the cost of quarrying, 
dredging, transportation, and manufacture, and the more vital 
one of obtaining the best results in the use of the materials is 
beyond the scope of this paper. For this reason an estimate 
on the minimum cost of production is impossible, but a careful 
consideration of local conditions has enabled us to make a fairly 
accurate estimate. In Manila common laborers receive from 80 
centavos to 1 peso per day. For the purpose of this estimate 
their efficiency is rated at one-half that of American or Euro- 
pean workmen. Salaries for foreign technical men are from 
15 to 30 per cent higher in Manila than in the United States, 
but good Oriental engineers and firemen are available at com- 
paratively low wages. It is probable that a local sand-lime 
brick industry would have to depend on coal imported from 
Japan or Australia for fuel.2!. The price of this coal in Manila 
* Recently Borneo crude oil such as is used in gas engines has been 
purchased on the Manila market for 0.0462 peso per liter. It is sold in 
drums of 295 liters, and samples tested showed 10,515 total calories and 
an available heating value of 9,712 calories. 
