406 GIBBS AND AGCAOILI. 
No fungus diseases were observed, although some harmless 
fungi were found on twigs that had been killed by other causes. 
On some trees both plant lice and scale insects were abundant, 
and undoubtedly do much injury to the trees. Spraying, to kill 
these pests, is apparently never resorted to. In old trees much 
damage by borers, apparently the larve of some species of 
beetle, was observed, but this damage could readily be reduced 
to a minimum with a little care and attention on the part of the 
owners. A few trees suffering from gummosis were observed, 
but little information is at hand regarding its prevalence. 
(Plate II.) Nearly every tree observed was host of from one 
to many vigorous specimens of Loranthus philippensis Cham.., 
a parasitic plant of the mistletoe family. This parasite must 
work a considerable amount of injury to the orchards, but 
could readily be exterminated by pruning. It is apparent that 
the average native does not appreciate the parasitic nature of 
this plant, for no attention is paid to it. (Plate II.) Our in- 
vestigations of this fruit have been carried on for a period of 
almost three years, and they include two crops. The gross 
analysis of this orange is given in Table I, the chemical analyses 
of the juice in Table II, and an analysis of the pulp in Table III. 
TABLE I.—Gross analyses of naranjitas. 
] 
Average weight of— | Average 
| Number Average Average) weight 
Date. of ; amount | number| of seeds 
oranges. Whole.| Peel. Pulp. of juice. of seeds. ete 
ie RB Ea ts i— | 
Grams.| Grams.|Grams.| Cc. | | Grams. | 
January 5, 1911 __- 140 | 164 38 126 | 
January 5, 1911 ___| 36 | 170 38 132 — CNS fi) ee te | eee 
j January 5, 1911 ___ 102} 165 38 127 | 
| January 10, 1912 __| b100 | 142.28 82.33 | 110 C665) | -osnseeno |- 2 
i January 11, 1912 __ d100 | 119.69: 27.04 92.65 | e¢52 ssh 
January 23, 1912 -- £300 | 102.3 26.6 £75.7 bE pe em ees 
{ January 23, 1919 | 10} 102 25.6 Ue? |e ss sao=, 22, 4.2 
| Totals _____ | 798 | 138 32.2 | 106 Bei )\| oc) an) | eral 
2 This juice was expressed in a hydraulic press at 100 kilograms per square centimeter 
pressure. The analysis is given in Table II, column 1. 
> Oranges of uniform size selected. 
© Pressed in a hydraulic press at 100 kilograms per square centimeter pressure. The analysis 
is given in Table II, column 4. 
« Not selected. 
© Juice expressed by hand in cloth bags. 
‘The basket containing’ 300 oranges cost 6 pesos (3 dollars United States currency) or 
2 centavos (1 cent) per orange. 
€ The analysis of the pulp is given in Table III. 
4 The analysis of the juice is given in Table IJ, column 5. Fermentation experiments on 
this juice are described under the heading orange brandy. 
