1468 



ZOOT.OGICAL SOCIETY BULLETIN 



ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY BULLETIN 



Mammals 



W. T. HORNADAV. 



Birds 

 William Beebe. 

 Lee S. Crandall. 



BtpartmtntB -. 



Aquarium, 



C. H. TOWNSKND. 



Reptilfs 

 Raymond L. Ditmars. 



Published bi-monthly at the OfBce of the Society, 

 111 Broadway, New York City. 



Yearly by Mail, $1.00. 



MAILED FREE TO MEMBERS. 



Copyright, 1917, by the New York Zoological Society. 



Each author is responsible for the scientific accuracy 



and the proof reading of his contribution. 



Elwin R. Sanborn, 



Editor and Official Photographer 



Vol. XX, No. 2. 



MARCH, 1917 



sow-bugs, etc.), and mollusks (snails, slugs, 

 mussels, etc.) Large salamanders add small 

 frogs to their menu. In captivity nearly all 

 salamanders eat meal worms, earth worms and 

 minced fish. 



Meal worms are kept by dealers in aquaria 

 supplies and serve very well in winter when 

 other live foods are difficult to secure. Earth- 

 worms are usually obtainable as long as the 

 ground remains unfrozen. 



The larger salamanders, hellbender, mud- 

 puppy and giant, feed on crayfishes and other 

 small Crustacea, insects and their larvae, earth- 

 worms, snails, spiders, beetles, small frogs and 

 fishes. In captivity they will take also meal 

 worms, minnows, and any kind of chopjaed fish. 



The smaller salamanders necessarily take 

 smaller natural foods. While they feed on 

 much that is eaten by the large salamanders, 

 they take also the larvae of many insects. 



Most of the numerous species of small, native 

 salamanders kept at the Aquarium, can be in- 

 duced to eat worm-like strips of fresh beef and 

 fish when tempted to do so by having such foods 

 dansrled before them. 



Hatching Cod at the Aquarium. — One of the 

 old reserve tanks at the Aquarium has been 

 utilized for the hatching of eggs of the cod. 

 The latter have been supplied by the U. S. 

 Bureau of Fisheries from the Cod Hatching 

 Station at Gloucester, Massachusetts. 



The eggs of the codfish require altogether 

 different methods of handling from those per- 

 mitted by the ordinary equipment of troughs 

 and jars. In the cod jar, or "Chester jar" as 

 it is called, the water has access at both top and 

 bottom, and the tank containing the jars is fitted 

 with a siphon, by which the tank can be auto- 

 matically flooded and emptied. C. H. T. 



DEATH OF DR. BEAN 



Dr. Tarleton H. Bean, State Fish Culturist 

 of New York, died in Albany on December 28 

 at the age of sevent3^ He was the first Direct- 

 or of the New York Aquarium, holding that po- 

 sition from the time the Aquarium was opened 

 to the public in 1896, until 1898, after which 

 he took up his work as State Fish Culturist. 



Dr. Bean was distinguished as an ichthyolo- 

 gist. Among his best known works is Oceanic 

 Ichthyology, the first comprehensive work on 

 deep sea fishes published in this country, in 

 which he was associated with the late Dr. G. 

 Brown Goode. His Fishes of New York, Food 

 and Game Fishes of New York, and Fishes of 

 Pennsylvania, are well known to ichthyologists. 

 He was long connected with the United States 

 Bureau of Fisheries, for many years serving as 

 Chief of the Division of Fish Culture. He made 

 voluminous contributions on fishes and fish cul- 

 ture to the reports and bulletins of that Bureau. 

 He was president of the American Fisheries 

 Society in 1908. His death resulted from in- 

 juries sustained in an automobile accident. 



C. H. T. 



CHEAP FISH FOOD FOR THE PEOPLE 

 By C. H. TowNSEND 



During the past year the State of New South 

 V/ales has inaugurated a Government fishing 

 industry for the purpose of supplying an abund- 

 ance of deep-sea food-fishes that hitherto have 

 been little used. Three steam vessels of the 

 trawler type were constructed by the Govern- 

 ment, and during the first twelve months, de- 

 voted partly to pioneering and experimental 

 work, has landed at Sydnej^ no less than 2,000,- 

 000 pounds of choice fish dredged from the 

 bottom in deep water. 



The people are using this cheap food and the 

 Government retail depots have made 71,000 

 sales a month. Two of the shops serve over 

 1,000 customers a day. Adding the periodical 

 auction sales, it is estimated that the State- 

 caught fish supply is eaten by four and one-half 

 million persons a year. 



This harvest of the sea gathered by Govern- 

 ment ships has cost only a fraction of a penny 

 per head of the population. As this method of 

 fishing becomes better known, private capital 

 will undoubtedh^ be invested in it. In fact a 

 fleet of trawling vessels is already planned, as 

 well as a chain of coastal receiving depots. 



