UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA PUBLICATIONS 



IN 



ZOOLOGY 



Vol. 13, No. 11, pp. 243-446, pis. 13-37, 7 text figures April 17, 1916 



A STUDY OF THE STRUCTURE OF FEATHERS, 



WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR TAXO- 



NOMIC SIGNIFICANCE 



BY 



ASA C. CHANDLER 



CONTENTS ■'^.'■' 



Page 



Introduction 244 



Object and scope of paper .-. 244 



Acknowledgments 246 



Historical 246 



Nomenclature 248 



Methods 254 



Part I. General Morphology 255 



Plumules 255 



Distribution of plumules 256 



Powder-down 258 



Oil-gland feathers 259 



Nestling feathers 259 



Filoplumes 260 



Contour feathers 263 



Remiges 263 



Rectrices 268 



Unspecialized contour feathers 269 



Ornamental plumes ' 272 



Ear coverts 273 



Facial bristles and eyelashes 273 



Facial ruffs 274 



Color production 274 



Isotely in production of colors 274 



Effect of albinism on structural color modifications 279 



Part II. Systematic 280 



Introduction 280 



Intraspecific and phylogenetic modifications 280 



Classification adopted 282 



Methods of comparative study 283 



Ratltae 284 



Order Struthioniformes 285 



