1916] Holliger: Anatomical Adaptations in the Pocket Gopher 467 



Fig. N. General view of thoracic limb muscles of the gopher after 



removal of the superficial muscles, X li 



ah. hr. in. — abductor brachii inferior fix. dig. pro. — flexor digitorum pro- 

 acd. — acromiodeltoideus fundus 



mc. — biceps brachii lat. dor. — latissimus dorsi 



di. — digastric mas. — masseter 



ex. car. ra. br. — extensor carpi radi- rhom. ma. — rhomboideus major 



alis brevis rhom. mi. — rhomboideus minor 



ex. car. ra. lo. — extensor carpi radi- ser. ant. — serratus anterior 



alis longus spd. — spinodeltoideus 



ex. dig. com. — extensor digitorum trap, a.-^trapezius, cervical portion 



communis trap. 6. — trapezius, middle portion 



ex. dig. q. pr. — extensor digiti quinti trap. c. — trapezius, thoracic portion 



proprius tri. long. — triceps, caput longum 



flx. car. ul.- — flexor carpi ulnaris tri. lat. — triceps, caput laterale 



caudad and is inserted on the cephalic half of the vertebral border 

 and the dorsal two-thirds of the spine of the scapula. Its action 

 draws the scapula forward and rotates the glenoid end back- 

 ward. The origin of this muscle corresponds to the origin of the 

 levator scapulae minor of the rabbit, and its insertion somewhat 

 resembles the insertion of the levator scapulae major of the rabbit. 



4. Rhomboideus minor {rhom. mi., figs. N, P), The two 

 rhomboids are also exposed by removal of the trapezius ; they are 

 closely united and appear as one muscle in the gopher. The rhom- 

 boideus minor arises on the nuchal ligament from the atlas to the 

 spine of the second thoracic vertebra, and is inserted on the 

 mesial surface of the cephalic two-thirds of the vertebral border of 

 the scapula. 



5. Rhomhoideus major {rhom. ma., figs. N, P) arises from the 

 spinous processes of the third and fourth thoracic vertebrae and 

 the supraspinous ligament, and is inserted into the mesial surface 

 of the caudal third of the vertebral border of the scapula. The 

 action of both the rhomboids is to draw the scapula forward, and 

 to rotate its glenoid end backward. The rhomboideus major also 

 draws the caudal angle dorsad. 



6. Latissimus dorsi {lat. dor., figs. N, P). — This muscle is 

 found beneath the retractor of the cheek pouch and the middle and 

 thoracic parts of the trapezius. It arises from the lumbar fascia, 

 from the spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae from the sixth to 

 the twelfth, inclusive, and from the supraspinous ligament. It 

 passes as a flat, triangular sheet over the side of the thorax, and is 

 inserted into the mesial side of the humerus just below the lesser 



