﻿6 ASHBURN AND CRAIG. 



and this has been a prominent feature in all of our observations. It ap- 

 pears to us that this is a point of considerable diagnostic importance, for 

 in all five of the cases practically the same number of filarise was observed 

 and that number was always a small one when compared with the immense 

 quantities olFilaria novtuma. Filaria diurna, and Filaria persians Hanson 

 which are commonly found in eases infected by the last three organisms. 



Pathogenicity. — In none of the cases did we observe any symptoms or 

 pathological lesions which we could feel justified in considering as being 

 due to the presence of the filaria. As stated in our original communica- 

 tion, one patient had a history of having suffered from chyluria, but 

 during the time he was under our observation he presented no symptoms; 

 one man had a periostitis while under observation and one, amoebic 

 dysentery. An examination of the fa?ces of three of the four Scouts 

 demonstrated an interesting series of combined infections due to animal 

 parasites. Of the three men, one had a combined infection with Filaria 

 pliilippinensis. Anchylostoma duodenalis and Triclioceplialus dispar; the 

 second, with Filaria philippinensis, Entamoeba dysenteric Anchijlostoma 

 duodenalis and Trichocephalus dispar, and the third with Filaria philippi- 

 nensis and Anchylostoma duodenalis.' 1 



THE DEVELOPMENT OF FILARIA PHILIPPIXEXSIS WITHIN CULEX 



FATIGAXS. 



We have made numerous examinations of mosquitoes which were in- 

 fected by biting patients who harbored embryos of Filaria philippinensis. 

 most of the insects so infected being Cule.r fatigans Wied, some few being 

 Stegomyia?. In our examinations we have not found that the filaria? 

 undergo any development in Stegomyice, and think it probable that they 

 do not, for, while our observations on this point are not sufficiently 

 numerous to justify us in making positive statements, it is asserted by 

 Daniels that Filaria nocturna will not develop in Stegomyia. 



However, in Cule.r fatigans "Wied, we have been able to trace the com- 

 plete development of the filaria \ip to the time that it becomes lodged in 

 the mosquito's labium and is ready to infect the next person bitten by the 

 insect. The stages of this development are well shown in the accompany- 

 ing photomicrographs and in numerous camera-lucida drawings, and may 

 be quite as well, or better, studied from them as from the written descrip- 

 tion which here follows : 



One of the earliest observations to be made in studying infected mos- 

 quitoes is one relating to the number of filarise ingested. In some manner, 

 concerning which it is possible to construct interesting hypotheses, the 

 mosquito manages to get from the body of the patient 40 to 50 or more 



2 In view of the recent finding by Lieutenant Clarence L. Cole, Medical Depart- 

 ment. United States Army, of Xccator americanus, in natives of these Islands, it 

 is possible that our eases were infected with it. as the ova were not measured. 



