﻿464 ASHBURN AND CRAIG. 



proved by the presence of the Spirochceta pertenuis in the spleen and lymphatic 

 glands. 



"2. Material obtained from persons suffering from yaws and apparently con- 

 taining Spirochceta pertenuis only is infective to monkeys. 



"3. When the Spirochceta pertenuis has been removed from this material by 

 nitration, the latter becomes inert. 



"4- The inoculation of blood from the general circulation and blood taken 

 from the spleen of yaws patients into monkeys may give positive results. 



"5. The inoculation of the cerebrospinal fluid of yaws patients gives negative 

 results. 



"6. Monkeys successfully inoculated with yaws do not become immune for 

 syphilis. 



"?'. Monkeys successfully inoculated with syphilis do not become immune for 

 yaws. 



"8. By means of the Bordet-Gengou reaction it is possible to detect specific 

 yaws antibodies and antigen. 



"9. Yaws antibodies and antigen are entirely different from syphilitic anti- 

 bodies and antigen. * 



"10. The presence of the Spirochceta pertenuis in monkeys experimentally in- 

 oculated, as well as in yaws patients, is practically constant in the unbroken 

 eruptive lesions; the Spirochceta is frequently present in the spleen and lymphatic 

 glands. 



"11. Yaws is generally conveyed by actual contact, but under certain circum- 

 stances it may be conveyed by flies and possibly by other insects." 



REFERENCES. 



(1) Third Ann. Rep. of the Superintendent of Gov't. Laboratories, Manila. 

 The Biological Laboratory, Richard P. Strong (1894), 64. 



(2) Wooley, Paul G. Publications of the Bur. Gov. Laboratories (1904), 20. 



(3) Schaudinn, F., and Hoffmann, Ernst. Arb. a. d. k. Gsndhtsamte, Berl. 

 (1905), 22, 527-334. 



(4) Vuillemin, Pauls. Comp. rend. Acad, de sc. ; Par. (1905), 111, 1567-1568. 



(5) Stiles, C. W., and Pfender, C. A. Am. Med. (1905), 10, 936. 



(6) Schaudinn, F. Deutsche med. Wchnsch. (1905), 31, 1728. 



(7) Castellani, Aldo. J. Ceylon Branch Brit. Med. Ass., June 17, 1905. 



(8) Ibid. Brit. Med. Journ. (1905), 2, 1280-1330. 



(9) Ibid. J. Trop. Med. (1905), 8, 253. 



(10) Ibid. J. Trop. Med. (1906), 9, 1-4. 



(11) Ibid. Deutsche med. Wchnsch. (1906), 32, 132-134. 



(12) Ibid. Arch. f. Schiffs u. Trop. Hyg. (1907), 11, 19. 



(13) Wellman, F. C. J. Trop. Med. (1905), 8, 345. 



(14) Ibid. Boston Med. and Surg. Journ. (1906), 154, 490. 



(15) Editorial, Brit. Med. Journ. (1905), 2, 282. 



(16) Powell. Proc. Path. Soc, Lond., 56. 



(17) Borne. Geneesk. Tijdschr., 1906. 



(18) MacLennan, A. Brit. Med. Journ. (1906), 2, 995. 



(19) Castellani Aldo. Arch. f. Schiffs u. Trop. Hyg. (1907), 11, 19. 



(20) Connor. Indian Med. Gaz. (1906), 41, 327. 



(21) Castellani, Aldo. J. Trop. Med. (1906), 9, 3. 



