﻿488 MUSGRAVE AXD CLEGG. 



Hirsch - (18C3 and 1886), who gave a general and historical review. Co- 

 querel (1866) published a report of one case of mycetoma. He recognized and 

 illustrated the fungus elements present in the lesions. Hirsch also states that 

 Minas added several cases from Hindostan to the literature, and Atchison gave 

 several instances of the disease from Jhelm in the Punjab. According to Le 

 Dantec, Duval, Berenger-Ferand, and C'arpot encountered cases which they men- 

 tioned in the literature in Senegambia, and Legrain in Algiers. Moxon and Hogg 3 

 note fungus-like filaments in the granules in an instance of ochroid mycetoma. 

 Bristowe 4 made a study of the melanoid granules in one case. He recognized 

 the presence of a fungus which he considered to be identical with that discovered 

 by Carter. During = and Roehefort, 6 according to Scheube, also mention the 

 disease. Hogg ' studied a case of the melanoid type and recognized the presence 

 of a fungus in the black granules. The patient was cut on the foot by a stone 

 six months before the development of the symptoms. Berkeley s cultivated a 

 fungus from specimens sent to him by Carter and named it Chionyphe carteri, but 

 subsequently denied the etiologic significance of this parasite. Fox 9 reported cases 

 of the disease and in discussing the etiology questioned the importance of the 

 fungoid elements which had been described in this connection. 



Lewis and Cunningham 10 after a study of the tissues obtained from a case 

 of the infection came to the conclusion that mycetoma was "essentially a 

 degeneration of the fatty tissues, independent of the local presence or 1 influence of 

 any parasites whatever." 



Kegarclless of the previous history of mycetoma, we owe the establish- 

 ment of the condition as an independent and specific disease to which this 

 author gave the accepted name, mycetoma, to the researches of Vandyke 

 Carter, who began the work in 1859 and who finished his publications 

 by a monograph " in 18?4. In the first of his articles Dr. Carter 

 strongly upholds the fungus nature of the infection and his publication 

 is so complete as to leave but little to add, even at this day, excepting 

 discussions concerning the etiology and histology of Madura foot. Carter 

 states that in October, 1859, he examined an amputated foot immediately 

 after operation and "found the clearest possible evidence of the true 

 fungus structure of the black (melanoid) particles now well enough 

 known." This observation was afterwards invariably confirmed by him- 

 self and, according to his own statement, also by Bristowe. 12 This dis- 

 cussion concerns the black variety of the infection. 



2 Arch. f. path. Anat., Berl. (Virchow's Arch.) (1863), 27, 98, and Handb. der 

 historisch-geographischen Path. (1886). 



3 Trans. Path. Soc. Lond. (1870). 



4 Trans. Path. Soc. Lond. (1871) (Vincent gives it 1881). 

 5 Eulenburg's Real-Ency. d. ges. Heilk. (3d ed.) 14, 203. 



6 Arch. d. Med. Nav. (1876), 25. 



7 Med. Times and Gas. (1871), July 22, 93, and Trans. Path. Soc. Lond. 

 ( 1872), 18, 294. 



s Med. Press and Cir. (1876), 465. 



'Trans. Path. Soc. Lond. (1870), 21, 411, and (1871), 22, 320; Lancet 



(1876), 190. 



10 11th An. Rep. San. Com. Govt. India, Calcutta (1875-88). 



11 On Mycetoma or the Fungus Disease of India, Lond. (1874). 



12 Trans. Path. Soc. Lond. (1871), 22. 



