THE OOLOGIST 



96. Dryobates pubescens (downy woodpecker). An abundant resident; nests in 

 orchards and edge of woods, in holes similar to the other woodpeckers ; a very active and 

 industrious species, always on the go, and of great yalue in ridding trees of injurious 

 borers, &c. 



97. Dryobates borealis (red-cockaded woodpecker). A straggler from the south. 

 ■"Accidental, very rare." The above quotation, without the author, appears in Warren's 

 list; not given by B. or M. 



98. Sphyrapicus varius (yellow-bellied sapsucker). Rarely, as a winter resident; 

 occurs in fall and spring; a true "sapsucker;" the structure of tongue, and its dependent 

 habits, are different fr6m all other of our native species; feeds, to a considerable extent, 

 tipon inner bark and sap of trees, often to the detriment of the vegetation. 



99. (jeophloius pileatus (pileated woodpecker). Rare; doubtful if it has been ob- 

 served for several years in our county; breeds and is resident in* many portions of the 

 wooded portions of the State; very shy; mainly insectivorous; the king of the northern 

 woodpeckers and a handsome species. A recent southern writer observed this species 

 feeding on grubs, beetles, &c., obtained from the ground by scratching, and dissected 

 one that had eaten " two immense caterpillars." (M. B, W.) 



100. Melanerpes erythrocephalus (red-headed woodpecker). Irregular; sometimes 

 very abundant as a winter resident; often none remain during the winter months; usually 

 common as a summer resident; food, generally insectivorous; fond of fruits and corn in 

 the milk state, but to no harmful degree. 



101. Melanerpes caroUnus (red-bellied woodpecker). Winter resident; rather rare. 



102. Colaptes auratus (flicker). One of the best known of our woodpeckers; abund- 

 ant until cold weather; usually a few are resident; nest around farm-houses or in trees, in 

 almost every location; eggs, 6-10, glossy white; a species of inestimable value, and should 

 never be wantonly shot, as is too often "the practice; said to be a great ant-eater. 



103. Antrostomus vociferus (whip-poor-will). Not very abundant; a summer resi- 

 dent; nests on ground; eggs, 3, white, or nearly so, with pale lilac or bluish spots; accord- 

 ing to Warren rears two broods; strictly insectivorous. 



104. Ohordeiles mrginianus (nighthawk). Common summer resident; most abund- 

 ant spring and fall; breeds frequently in colonies; deposits two eggs on bare ground, 

 which are much darker than those of the whip-poor-will. 



105. Ghmtura pelagica (chimney swift). An abundant and well-known summer 

 resident; nests in chimneys exclusively now; formerly built in hollow trees, as they 

 still do in uninhabited parts of the country; nests of sticks, half cup-shaped, of, twigs, 

 held together and to walls by adhesive secretion from the bird's throat; eggs, 5-6, pure 

 white; insect feeding entirely. 



106. TrocMl'Un colubns (ruby-throated hummingbird). Common resident during 

 the warmer portions of the year; builds on horizontal limb, in woods, orchard or shade 

 tree. The nest is a delicate structure made up of cotton down from plants and other 

 like soft material, and placed on top of limb or in a fork, covered with lichens held on by 

 spiders' web; eggs, 2, white; food largely insectivorous. 



107. Tyrannus tyraniius (kingbird). Abundant; a summer resident; nests about 

 farm buildings, frequently selecting an old pear tree; eggs, 4-5, cream with chocolate 

 spots; frequents neighborhood of bee-hives and lunches off the inhabitants; food entirely 

 insectivorous. The kingbird, pewee and all the other flycatchers are among the best 

 friends of the farmer. From their first arrival they are ever on the alert for flying in- 

 sects, which they capture with a quick dart from a convenient perch, often to return to 

 the same spot to await another victim. 



108. Myiarchus crinitus (crested flycatcher). Rather common summer resident; 

 breeds in holes in trees, fence rails, or occasionally in bird-boxes around the house; eggs, 

 4-6, almost covered with lines and streaks of dark brown. The nest frequently Iims a 

 cast-off snake skin at the entrance or about, presumably for protection from marauding 

 vermin. Insectivorous to a valuable degree. 



109. Sayornis phcebe {phcehe). A common and well-known summer resident. In 

 mild winters a few are resident; saw one December 27, 1883, and one January 9, 1884; 

 nest about barns and houses, bridges, and under overhanging banks, &c. ; eggs creaiti 

 white, frequently with fine spots; 4-5 in number. 



110. Gontopas borealis (olive-sided flycatcher). Rare migrant. (M. and W.) 



111. Gontopiis rirens {\\oo(\.\)ev}QQ). Abundant summer resident; nests on top of a 

 horizontal limb in a fork near end of branch; nest small and covered artistically with 

 lichi us; eggs, 3-4. cream white, with dark spots; food, insects. 



112. iSmpidonax flaviventris (yellow-bellied flycatcher). Migrant; not common. 

 <M. and B.) 



