98 Mr Brindley, The procession of Cnethocampa pinivora. 
The procession of Cnethocampa pinivora, Treitschke. By 
H. H. Brindley, M.A., St John’s College. 
[Received 29 October, 1906.] 
The life history of Cnethocampa pinivora * * * § , one of the 
Eupterotidae, was first described in detail by Reaumurf, who made 
observations on families sent to him in Paris from the pine woods 
of the Landes in the neighbourhood of Bordeaux. As the nests 
of larvae suffered from the long journey by coach he supplements 
his own observations by quoting those of his correspondents at 
Bordeaux who collected the nests and on his behalf studied the 
species in its habitat. In the last century this moth was described 
and figured in its several stages by RatzeburgJ, and in recent 
years by Fabre§, who has added much to our knowledge of its 
natural history. Its larva, which is found from Northern Germany 
to the Landes of France and the Mediterranean region, is proces- 
sional, and marches in single file, i.e. 
thus differing from that of C. processionea (Linn.), which infests 
oak trees, whose formation on the march is figured by Reaumur || as 
and 
< — 
(In both species the larvae on the march are always in close 
head to tail contact, which is not indicated in the above diagrams.) 
Reaumur states however that the arrangement of the procession 
varies very greatly, even in the case of the same family from day 
to day : sometimes the larvae march in single file for a length 
of two feet, after which come several double files, then treble files, 
and so on with regularity till the larvae are eight or more 
* Tliaumetopoea pinivora in W. F. Kirby’s Catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera, 
i. 1892, p. 592. 
+ Memo ires pour Vhistoire des Insectes, ix. Paris, 1736, pp. 149 — 161. 
t Forst-Insecten, ii. Berlin, 1840, p. 128 & taf. 8 ; also Stettiner Entomoloqische 
Zeitung, 1840, p. 40. 
§ Souvenirs Entomologiques, ser. vi. Paris, pp. 298—392. (As usual, Fabre does 
not give the scientific name of the form he writes on, but his references to 
Reaumur’s work and the account of his own observations leave no reasonable 
doubt that his “processionnaire dupin ” is C. pinivora.) 
|| loc. cit. pp. 182 — 185 & pi. 11. 
