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Mr Myers, The Ethnology of Modern Egypt. 
into component curves, each corresponding to an underlying 
ethnic type. 
C. Comparison of the Moslems with the Copts. 
The Copts are fairer in eye and in skin colour, have straighter 
hair and thinner lips than the Moslems. The nasal index among 
the Copts of Lower Egypt is lower than among those of Upper 
Egypt. The nasal index among the Copts is lower than among 
the Moslems. The Copts are less Negroid than the Moslems. 
General Conclusions. 
We have seen that in modem Egypt the Moslem population 
takes on increasingly Negroid characters as we proceed from the 
Mediterranean shores towards the First Cataract. Is this the 
result of more frequent intermarriage with the inhabitants of the 
Sudan ? 
In preparing to answer this question, we cannot neglect the 
fact that similar differences in degree of Negroid characters appear 
to exist among the Copts of Lower and Upper Egypt, who are 
known to have remained free from Sudanese admixture during the 
past 1300 years. If, then, an increasing amount of Sudanese 
admixture be the cause of the increasing Negroid character of 
Upper as compared with Lower Egypt, it is clear that the inter- 
marriage must have occurred at a very remote date, and that its 
results have been perpetuated since then. 
But we may reasonably doubt whether so long a persistence of 
the effects of intermarriage is possible. From many different 
quarters we have indications that ultimately an aboriginal people 
absorbs and exterminates the physical characters of those who 
come to settle among them. The enormous migrations of Greeks 
into the Egyptian oasis of the Fayum, beginning about 2500 years 
ago and ending soon after the start of the Christian Era, have left 
no trace of an effect to-day on the physique of the modern dwellers 
in this oasis. The latter have a nasal index which is distinctly 
higher than that which occurs among the northern provinces of 
the Delta, and almost identical with the index found in the Nile 
Valley in the same latitude as the Fayum. 
There are many writers on Egyptian ethnology who believe 
that from time immemorial there have always been at least two 
races in Egypt, the one Caucasian (Mediterranean or Libyan) the 
other Negroid, and that to this day both these races are present 
throughout Egypt although prevalent in different degrees in 
different regions. Now we may conceivably look for support of 
such a hypothesis in the following directions. 
We should expect that the inhabitants of Middle Egypt, where 
presumably the two races are present in equal intensity, would 
