183 
Mr Myers , The Ethnology of Modern Egypt. 
tend to show greater variability than those of extreme Upper or 
of extreme Lower Egypt, in which one of the two races pre- 
sumably predominates to the relative exclusion of the other. But 
as a fact I have found no such tendency whatever. There is 
no evidence that the peoples of different parts of Egypt differ 
in homogeneity. 
Secondly, we should expect that the frequency curves for the 
provinces of Upper and Lower Egypt would have a markedly 
asymmetrical form, the one showing a skew in one direction, the 
other in the other, while the frequency curves for the provinces of 
Middle Egypt would approach the symmetrical form. Again, in 
point of fact, I can find nothing of the kind. 
In the third place, we should expect that a series of distribu- 
tion curves of the same measurement would show identical peaks 
in different provinces of Egypt, if two races really existed. This 
identity of peaks I have in general failed to find. Where it 
occurs, I believe that it cannot possibly be held to indicate duality 
of race, inasmuch as the peaks lie far too close ( i.e . are too nearly 
of identical value) to have arisen from the inclusion of two types 
and their fluctuations within a single curve. There is indeed 
little reason to doubt that if only measurements could be taken in 
adequate number, the various provinces would each afford smooth 
peakless distribution curves, having in respect of Negroid char- 
acters different averages dependent on the latitude of the pro- 
vinces, but having like variability*. 
I contend, then, that from the anthropometric standpoint every 
province contains a homogeneous population, notwithstanding the 
fact that the mean measurements vary in degree of Negroidness 
according to province. On each side of the variable mean, there 
are fluctuations to like extents in different provinces. There is no 
anthropometric evidence of duality of race. I consider that in 
spite of the various infiltrations of foreign blood in the past, 
modern Egypt contains a homogeneous population, which gradually 
shifts its average character as we proceed southwards from the 
shores of the Mediterranean to Nubia beyond the First Cataract. 
The transition with which we may meet in such a travel, is 
certainly not one from Egyptian to Sudanese. What transition 
there is is from the fairer Mediterranean to the more swarthy 
Nubian population, a very different matter. The effects of 
Sudanese admixture both in Egypt and in Nubia are almost as 
patent as they would be in England. 
Thus I regard the aboriginal people of Egypt as a homogeneous 
* It is highly probable that the peaked curves on which Professor Petrie 
unhappily bases his racial analyses of Egypt (the Huxley Lecture for 1906) are 
sheer accidents, due to the examination of an insufficient number of measurements. 
Cf. Biometrika, 1902, Yol. i. p. 411 et seq. 
