322 R. L. MOODIE OUR KNOWLEDGE OF MESOZOIC PATHOLOGY 



as evidence of caries; a normal muscular eminence as a callus following 

 fracture. However, with care and the advice of kind friends, experts in 

 their fields, the subject may be pursued with some profit. 



The subject had its inception in a difficult way. While it was being 

 studied and defined among Paleozoic animals in America, Ruffer, thou- 

 sands of miles away, Avas studying and defining it among the ancient 

 Egyptian mummies, the workers being equally unaware of the others. 

 My work has been to fill in between the ancient evidence of disease in the 

 Paleozoic and the evidences of pathology among ancient men. Hence a 

 knowledge of "the status of disease during the Mesozoic" is essential to a 

 proper filling out of the subject. 



Mesozoic Pathology 



We need not. discuss at this time the origin of disease. It may have 

 been present in the Proterozoic or it may have arisen later. I am inclined 

 to tliink that our conception of the time of origin of disease will be modi- 

 fied by our definition of the term disease. It is a pity that the Permian 

 is not a portion of the Mesozoic, for Permian pathology is more closely 

 related to the Mesozoic than to the Paleozoic. However, to be orthodox, 

 we shall begin our discussion with the Triassic. The following brief 

 tabulation of Mesozoic pathology will aid in appreciating the degree of 

 progress disease had made at this time. 



T. Arthritides : 



1. Spoudylitis deformans (Diplodocus, Camarasanrus, Tyranno- 



saurus). 



2. Multiple arthritis (Rheumatoid in Mosasaur). 



3. Arthritis deformans (with osteoma and periostitis). 



1 1 . Tumors : 



4. Osteoma (Mosasaur). 



5. IliPmiingioma (Apatosaunis). 



TIT. Necroses: 



G. Necrosis with hyperplasia < 



7. Caries in Mosasaur. 



Jurassic crocodile. 

 Triceratops skull, 

 Camptosaurus, 

 Mosasaur radius. 



IV. Hyperostoses: 



S. Alveolar osteitis (Mosasaur of Belgium-Dollo). 

 9. Exostoses (scapula of Triceratops). 



10. Gigantism (hyperostosis in Nothosaur). 



11. Osteoperiostitis (humerus of Mosasaur). 



