26 PROCEEDINGS OF THE WASHINGTON MEETING 



him men who were fully qualified to carry on the investigation he de- 

 sired. Thus you find associated with him during the first years of his 

 directorship of the State Survey such men as Prof. George Williams, of 

 Johns Hopkins; Prof. S. L. Penfield, of Yale; Dr. George P. Kunz, of 

 New York; Prof. F. P. Venable, of the University of North Carolina; 

 Dr. George P. Merrill, of the National Museum at Washington; Prof. 

 George Swain, of the Massachusetts School of Technology ; Prof. Thomas 

 L. Watson, of the University of Virginia; Prof. H. Y. Wilson, of the 

 University of North Carolina; Prof. William Cain, of the University of 

 North Carolina; Mr. H. B. C. Nitze, Mr. Gifford Pinchot, of Washington; 

 Prof. Heinrich Eies, of Cornell, and others. The published reports of 

 the State Survey, similarly as those of the Bureau of Mines, seldom bear 

 the name of Holmes as one of the authors. 



Doctor Holmes did a great deal to broaden the scope of the State Geo- 

 logical surveys and to demonstrate that there could be and should be a 

 close cooperation between the State and Federal surveys. There was 

 always most friendly cooperation between the North Carolina Survey and 

 the Federal Survey; and, although the State received very largely from 

 the Federal Survey, it gave very largely in return, for Doctor Holmes was 

 always ready to give his time and energy to any work which promised to 

 be of service to the Federal Survey ; and he was often called in consulta- 

 tion regarding the work of that Survey. Doctor Walcott, who was then 

 Director, states that he was early impressed with Mr. Holmes' thorough- 

 ness and the quality of his work as State Geologist. In the Geological 

 Survey his most important work was probably the application of geology 

 to the industrial development of the country. He started this in the State 

 Survey, but later introduced it into the Federal Survey. 



As State Geologist he became very much interested in the preservation 

 of the forests of the southern Appalachian region, and it is due largely to 

 his work as State Geologist that the Weeks bill was passed by Congress, 

 which has resulted in the purchase of forest areas to be used for forest 

 reservations in the southern Appalachian region and the White Mountain 

 region. It was under the supervision of Doctor Holmes that the mass of 

 evidence was collected, which proved to the congressional committees that 

 it was absolutely necessary for Congress to take some action to prevent 

 the destruction of the forests of these two areas in order to protect the 

 flow of navigable streams. 



In connection with an investigation relating to our turpentine indus- 

 try, he had experimental work carried on in regard to the cup and gutter 

 method, which is now in general use in this industry. He also had inves- 

 tigations made as to the practicability of the reproduction of the long- 



