654 . H. L. ALLING GLACIAL LAKES OP CENTRAL ADIRONDACKS 



the shore of Ampersand Lake, thence south of this lake to Blueberry Pond. 

 Continuing westward into the Long Lake quadrangle, on the boundary 

 between the two maps, it turns to the southwest and passes three-quarters 

 of a mile south of Palmer Brook. When within a mile of the Eaquette 

 Eiver the course turns directly south over Brueyer Pond. This river 

 course is offered as a suggestion, as actual field-work has not been under- 

 taken in the rugged and inaccessible Santanoni quadrangle. 



The fault valley containing the Cascade Lakes was probably not a 

 channel of the South Meadows Lake, although the matter is still open to 

 further investigation. At both ends of the pass recessional moraines re- 

 main that evidently have not been cut by any large river. The altitude 

 of the moraine at the western end of the valley is between 2,100 and 2,200 

 feet. Thus our present knowledge of the probable history of the South 

 Meadows Lake would indicate that the Cascade fault was blocked by 

 moraines and perhaps by an ice-tongue, preventing escape to the east. 

 The outlet hence was to the west, as suggested above. 



Eastern section — Keene Lake (altitude, 2,000 to 2,040 feet). — To the 

 east of the Cascade fault pass in Keene Valley terraces of a glacial lake are 

 found at an altitude of 2,000 to 2,040 feet, being the same altitude as 

 that of the South Meadows, although apparently they had no connection 

 with it. Terraces are found in the valley high up on the valley Avails, 

 especially in the brook valleys, where the present streams have bisected 

 them. The Keene Lake was quite extensive, for Keene Valley was evi- 

 dently filled by standing water that flowed in a gentle stream through 

 the Ausable Lake fault pass, which acted as a connecting link between 

 the Keene Valley section and the area surrounding and occupied by the 

 famous Ausable lakes, the Boreas ponds, Elk Lake, and Clear Pond. 

 Although the Boreas ponds, Elk Lake, and Clear Pond lie south of the 

 present divide, in the Hudson drainage basin, the waters of the Keene 

 Lake were, apparently, held from directly draining to the south by a 

 southern ice-wall that lay in an east and west line across the upper portion 

 of the Schroon Lake quadrangle. 12 



The glacial history of the double fault in which the Lower Ausable Lake 

 now lies is difficult to decipher. It is because of the absence of any other 

 possible outlet for the Keene Lake that this fault pass is believed to have 

 performed that function, because the Chapel Pond and the Spruce Hill 

 fault passes (the latter south of East Hill, on the junction of the Mount 

 Marcy and Elizabethtown sheets) were blocked by ice-tongues that had 

 pushed their way into them from the east, thus preventing the escape of 

 water in that direction. 



12 H. L. Fairchild : N. Y. State Mus. Bull., No. 160, pi. 12. 



