PHENOMENA OF SENECA VALLEY 43 



with excellent form, and ends as a spit. The lowest is some distance 

 farther east and farther from the ravine, curving, and with a small hook 

 at its extremity. These three bars correspond ver}^ closely in their re- 

 lationship to the three bars four miles southeast on the Odessa road. 

 The difference in altitude is due to deformation of the land. 



Twenty feet below the three bars there is another broad terrace, with 

 a short but good bar upon the front. 



The village of Himrods is about two miles from the lake and about 

 midway of the length of the lake. A delta was formed in the high waters 

 by the stream, which has subsequentl}' cut a ravine through the village. 

 The summit of the delta west of the village shows a beach ridge, on the 

 south side of the highway, ending in spit points. The elevation, by 

 aneroid, taking the rail at the station of the Fall Brook railroad at 

 847.28 feet, was made 990 feet. 



The Warren shore is near the level of the railroad station, but its 

 exact plane has not been determined. Just north of the station the 

 railroad cuts a ridge which probably represents a delta terrace, having 

 an elevation of 851 to 853 feet. North of the ravine is a ridge carrying 

 the village cemeter^^ with an elevation of 839 feet. This probabl}' was 

 a deposit of stream and shore current during the extinction of lake War- 

 ren. The true Warren plane can doubtless be found at this localit}' by 

 further search. 



The village of Stanley, the junction of the Northern Central branch 

 of the Pennsylvania railroad with the Naples branch of the Lehigh val- 

 ley, is about four miles south of the parallel cutting the north end of 

 Seneca lake, and is almost as far north as the Newberr}^ waters ever 

 reached. The shoreline of these waters may be seen about one mile 

 southwest of Stanley, or about half way to Gorham, along the Lehigh 

 Valley railroad. A north-and-south highway crosses the railroad at the 

 summit of grade. A short distance on the road south of the crossing 

 the Newberry waters have left a well marked shoreline cut in the drii't. 

 This correlates with a ridge and spit one-fourth of a mile farther south- 

 west. A gravel pit has been excavated in this by the side of an east- 

 and-west road. The same level of static water action is visible along 

 the Stanley-Gorham road. Taking as datum the rail of the Lehigh 

 Valley railroad at the highway crossing as 941.3, the elevation, by an- 

 eroid, of the wave-cut cliff is 970 and the crest of the bar spit 966 feet. 



LAKE NEWBERRY EXTINCTION 



Beach phenomena of lake Newberry have not been found west or north 

 of Stanley. It is believed that these waters never passed beyond the 

 high land between Seneca and Canandaigua lakes, but with the re- 



VII— Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., Vol. 10, 1898 



