no H. L. FATRrHTLD — fJLAf'TAL WATERS IN FIXOER LAKES REGION 



because a broad expanse of tlie low Ontario i)lain (400± feet) meets 

 al)ruptly tbe elevated i)lateau, and here the ice-l)ody lingered in its last 

 effort to dam the Huroa-Erie-Ontario waters from the Mohawk-Hudson 

 valley. 



The water escaping eastward from the Onondaga valley by the two 

 higher of the Jamesville group of three channels, the Reservoir and 

 Jamesville gorges, was contributed by the hypo- Warren flood from the 

 west; but the supply for the Railroad channel came from lake Dana 

 through its outlet, the Cedarvale channel. 



The succession of events and relationship of channels subsequent to 

 lake Dana have not been determined. The history is partially ob- 

 scured in the low Syracuse district by the changes in hydrogra})hy that 

 have occurred- since the ice removal. These are : (1) the possible exist- 

 ence of a pre-Troquois water body, with elevation toward 500 feet, and 

 consequent deltas and silting ; (2) the primitive Iroquois, with elevation 

 much under 440 feet; (3) the rise of Iroquois to 440 feet and consequent 

 filling of former channels, and (4) the stream erosion subsequent to Iro- 

 quois throughout western New York. 



Dr Gilbert has noted some east-and-west channels wdiich are supposed 

 to be the " tracks of Erian drainage " along the ice-front subsequent to 

 the Dana episode. The one on the Marcellus meridian next lower than 

 the Cedarvale gorge is conspicuous along the Auburn branch of the New 

 York Central railroad from west of Marcellus station tobe3^ond Camillus, 

 Between Halfway and Marcellus stations the channel becomes a canyon 

 with an estimated altitude of the bottom of about 450 feet. This de- 

 bouched beyond Camillus into the low plain (400 feet), now occupied 

 b}^ Onondaga lake (364 feet), but then probably flooded by the earlier 

 and lower Iroquois. 



A channel apparently earlier than the Camillus gorge, but much later 

 than the Reservoir gorge, passes directly through the heart of Syracuse, 

 with an elevation of 400 feet. The head of this channel is one mile east 

 of Fairmount, at the Solvay Process Compan3''s cable road, in Salina 

 shale, with an elevation of about 500 feet. This might have been a con- 

 tinuation of the earlier Camillus river before it had cut its canyon. 



Land Warping in Western New York 



Precise altitudes of the several shorelines have not yet been secured 

 from sufficient number of far separated localities to 34eld exact data con- 

 cerning the delbrmation of the whole area. 



Over the region of the upper Great lakes the general trend of the iso- 

 bases or lines of equal deformation have been calculated by Mr Taylor, 



