BULLETIN OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 

 Vol. 10, pp. 349-360, PLS. 33-34 NOVEMBER 4, 1899 



EOLIAN DEPOSITS OF EASTERN MINNESOTA 



BY C. W. HALL AND F. W. SARDESON 



{Read before the Society December 30, 1898) 



CONTENTS 



Page 

 Introduction 349 



Earlier recognition of eolian deposits 349 



Definitions of loess, dune sand, and lag gravel 350 



Loess 351 



General characteristics of Minnesota loess 351 



Loess in Saint Paul 35I 



Origin of the loess 352 



Dune sand 352 



Explanation of its conspicuousness 352 



Snake River valley 352 



Pine City. 352 



Other localities in Snake River valley 353 



Kettle River valley 353 



Other localities in this region 354 



Wisconsin exposures 354 



East Minneapolis 355 



Saint Anthony hill and the University campus 356 



Relation of dune sands to terrace gravels 357 



Time of formation of dune sands 359 



Lag gravels 359 



Summary 359 



Introduction 



Lying on the latest glacial till in eastern Minnesota are found different 

 varieties of eolian deposits, such as lag gravels, dune sands, and loess. 

 The last named material lies on the higher lands, which are usually 

 the thicker morainic accumulations, and is rarely more than from a few 

 inches to one or two feet in thickness. On the other hand, considerable 

 formations of dune sands and associated lag gravels lie on the leeward 

 side of the streams. 



Earlier Recognition of Eolian Deposits 



These deposits are frequent not only in eastern Minnesota but in the 

 bordering districts of adjacent states. Inasmuch as no descriptions are 



L— Bur,T,. Gnor,. Soc. Am., Vol. lu, 18',)8 (^"i^) 



