446 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 
to procure a substitute. Collecting his band, this captain went out 
as for war, and took a prisoner. If he was a white man his head 
was shaved and painted; in every case the belt was wrapped around 
his neck, and he was carried off to the bereaved family, which re- 
ceived him with all affection.”—De Schweinitz, p. 620-21 
In Stone’s Life of Joseph Brant, 1:17, will be found several ex- 
tracts from Sir William Johnson’s diary, relating to a kindred cus- 
tom. May 22, 1757, he sympathized with a Canajoharie chief, who 
had lost his mother, and “ expected he would remove his concern 
by going to war, and bringing either a prisoner or a scalp to put in 
her room, or stead, as is usual among Indians. Upon this Sir 
William gave him a very fine belt to enforce his request.” _ 
A chief brought him four French scalps, May 18, 1758, and said: 
This sealp (the one with a black belt tied to it painted) I desire 
may be delivered to my wife’s uncle, old Hickus of Canajoharie, to 
replace her mother, who was his sister. This scalp (meaning an- 
other upon the same stick, with a bunch of black wampum tied 
to it) I send to the aforesaid man to replace Eusemia, who was 
Taraghyorie’s wife. This scalp (meaning a scalp by itself on a stick, 
with a bunch of black wampum) my cousin, Captain Jacob, gives 
to replace old King Hendrick of Canajoharie. This scalp (meaning 
the small one tied round with a bunch of wampum) my said cousin 
gives to replace Hickus’s son, who was killed at the battle of the 
lake under your command. | 
Small wampum was one decoration of the white dog at the New 
Year’s feast, and sins were confessed on strings of this at that time. 
Glass beads 
Glass beads were introduced at an early day but had not the same 
esteem as wampum. They had a moderate use in a public way. 
In 1633 Le Jeune presented a string of these to three chiefs of 
different nations in Canada, and glass tubes were among the Huron 
purchases of that year. In 1635 Brébeuf catechised the Huron chil- 
dren and gave a little glass tube or bead to those who did the best. 
Bruyas did the same at Oneida in 1670. “ Whoever knows how to 
repeat on Sunday all that is said during the week, has a string of 
bugle or two little glass beads, or two brass rings.” This was a 
common practice, and the tubes may be several inches long. 
