126 NEW YORK STATE MUSEiUM 



warm water. The food in captivity includes hard clam, earth- 

 worms, and, occasionally, live killifish. 



A. N. Cheney refers to this species on page 245 of the 3d 

 Annual Report of the Comirvissioners of FisJieries, Game and Forest 

 of the State of Neiv York, 



In Pennsylvania it is the commonest minnow in the Allegheny 

 and Susquehanna basins and is sufficiently common in the Dela- 

 ware. According to Prof. Cope it reaches 4 pounds in weight 

 and is a fair food fish. 



This species is more characteristic of the small streams and 

 clear ponds and it takes the hook very freely; but its proper 

 mission is to serve as bait for the larger and choicer fishes. 



Genus tinca Cuvier 



Pseudobranchiae minute; mouth anterior; lips thick but desti- 

 tute of any horny covering; barbels two, one at either angle of 

 the mouth; pharyngeal teeth in one row, 4 or 5-5 or 4, cuneiform, 

 with a slightly hooked extremity; gill rakers short and lanceo- 

 late; dorsal fin rather short, commencing slightly behind the 

 origin of the ventral; anal short; caudal slightly emarginate; 

 scales small, embedded in a thick skin and covered with mucus. 

 Lateral line complete. (After Day) 



71 Tinca tinca (Linnaeus) 



Tench (Introduced) 



Cyprinus tinca Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. ed. X, I, 321, 1758; Lacepede, Hist, 



Nat. Pois'S. V, 491, 533, 1800. 

 Tinca vulgaris Cuvier & Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss. XYI, S22, pi. 



484, 1842; Heckel & Kner, Siissw. Fische, 75, fig. 34, 1858; Gunther, 



Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. VII, 264, 1868. 

 Tinca tinca Jordan & Evermann, Check List Fishes N. A. 512, 1896. 



B. 3; D. 12 to 13 (8 or 9 developed); P. 17; V. 9-10; A. 9-10. 

 Scales 30 to 31 — 90 to 115. Length of head four and one third 

 to four and three fourths; hight of body three and three fourths 

 to four and one fourth in the total length including caudal. Eye 

 six and one half to seven and one half in length of head; two 

 and one fourth in length of snout; two to two and one fourth in 

 distance between eyes. Interorbital space flat. The thickness 



