190 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Body slender, rounded, elongate, its greatest depth one sixth 

 of total length without caudal; head rather long, one fourth of 

 total without caudal; mouth small, the jaws subequal in front, 

 the maxilla extending to or slightly beyond the front of the 

 eye; the mandible not at all projecting when the mouth is 

 closed, but rather included; thickness of body more than two 

 thirds of its depth; vomerine teeth present, lingual teeth well 

 developed, teeth in the jaws weak; eye large, equal to snout, 

 three and one third in length of head; dorsal origin midway 

 Ijetween tip of snout and origin of anal, the longest dorsal ray 

 more than one half length of head; ventrals well behind dorsal, 

 the length little more than one third length of head; anal basis 

 ishort, about one third length of head; axillarj^ scales above 

 pectorals and ventrals very long, those over the pectoral more 

 than one half as long as the fin. D. 18; A. 13. Color, bright 

 silvery; darker above, with a tinge of blue and yellow on the 

 sides. Head metallic silvery with coppery reflections; iris 

 golden; dorsal and caudal tinged with yellow, the remaining 

 fins translucent, with minute dark specks. Cape Cod to the 

 Gulf of Mexico, not rare southward; a favorite food of bluefish. 



The " New York shadine " of Mitchill can not be identified 

 with this species; it was evidently a species of Pomolobus 

 bearing a close resemblance to the shad. Mitchill's shadine 

 liad a spot behind the gill cover, a wide and toothless mouth, 

 a projecting lower jaw and 15 anal rays. These characters are 

 in opposition to the known characters of the round herring, 

 and there is no probability that this little fish was before him 

 for description. De Kay saw only a single specimen of the 

 round herring from the harbor of New York. A copy of 

 Mitchill's^ description is here given for comparison. 



13 New York Shadine, C 1 u p e a s a d i n a 



An elegant species with a small smutty spot behind the gill 

 icover; but with neither spots nor stripes on its back or sides. 

 Mouth wide and toothless. Tongue small. 



Back delicately variegated with green and blue. Lateral line 

 straight. Sides silvery white, considerably above that line; and 



^Mitchill. Lit. and Phil Soc. N. Y. Trans. 1815. 1:457. 



