272 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



pressed, without raised crest, with teeth on the head of the 

 bone and none on the shaft; scales very small, 200 to 250 in a 

 lengthwise series ; fins moderate, the caudal forked in the young, 

 truncate in some species in the adult; sexual peculiarities not 

 strongly marked, the males with the premaxillaries enlarged and 

 a fleshy projection at the tip of the lower jaw. Coloration dark, 

 with round, crimson spots, the lower fins sometimes with mar- 

 ginal bands of black, reddish, and pale. Species numerous in 

 the clear streams and lakes of the northern parts of both con- 

 tinents, sometimes descending to the sea, where they lose their 

 variegated colors and become nearly plain and silvery. The 

 members of this genus are by far the most active and handsome 

 of the trout, and live in the coldest, clearest and most secluded 

 waters. (After Jordan and Evermann) 



140 Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill) 

 Brook Trout 



Salmo fontinalis Mitchill, Trans. Lit. & Phil. S6c. N. Y. I, 435, 1815, near 

 New York; Richaedson, Fauna Bor.-Amer. Ill, 176, pi. 83, fig. 1, 1836; 

 De Kay, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 235, pi. 38, fig. 120, 1842; Gunther, 

 Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. VI, 152, 1866. 



Salmo canadensis Hamilton Smith in Griffith's Cuvier, X, 474, 1834, 

 Canada. 



Salmo immaculatus H. R. Stoeee, Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist, VI, 364, 1850, Lower 

 St Lawrence. 



Salmo erythrogaster De Kay, N. Y. F^una, Fishes, 236, pi. 39, fig. 136, 1842. 



Baione fontinalis De Kay, op. clt. 244, pi. 20, fig. 58, 1842. 



Salvelinus fontinalis Joed an, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. I, 81, 1878, in part; 

 Joed AN & Gilbeet, Bull. 16, U. S. Nat. Mus. 320, 1883; Goode, Fish & 

 Fish. Ind. U. S. I, 497, pi. 192, 1884; Bean, Fishes Penna. 80, color pi. 

 7, 1893; Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. IX, 350, 1897; Bo wees, Manual 

 Fish Cult. ed. 2, color pi. frontispiece, 1900; Joedan & Eveemann, 

 Bull. 47, U. S. Nat. Mus. 506, pi. LXXXII, fig. 218, 190O. 



The brook trout varies greatly in the shape of the body, which 

 is sometimes short and deep and again elongate and moderately 

 thin. The depth is usually about one fourth or tv^o ninths total 

 length vrithout caudal, and is about equal to length of head. 

 The least depth of the caudal peduncle is a little more than one 

 third of its greatest depth. The head is large and the snout 

 somewhat obtuse. The eye is in front of the middle of its length, 

 a little more than one half as long as the snout, and about one 



