498 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



Subgenus cynoperca Gill «& Jordan , 



244 Stizostedion canadense (Smith) 

 Sanger; Sand PiJce 



Lucioperca canadensis C. H. Smith, in Griffitli's Guv. R^gne Anim. X, 275,. 



pi. 7, 1834; De Kay, N. Y. Fauna, Fishes, 19. pi. 68, fig. 221, 1842: 



(extralimital) ; Gunthee, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus, I, 75, 1859. 

 Stizostedimn canadense Jordan & Gilbeet, Bull. 16, U. S. Niat. Mus. 526, 



1883. 

 Stizostedion canadense Meek, Ann. N. Y. Ac. Sci. IV, 314, 1888; Bean,, 



Fishes Penna. 130, pi. 34, fig. 70. 1893; Eveemann (& Kendall, Rept. 



U. S. F. C. for 1894, 601. 1896; Joedan & Eveemann, Bull. 47, U. S. 



Nat. Mus. 1022, 1896, pi. CLXIV, fig. 434, 1900. 



Body slender, not much compressed, roundish; its depth con- 

 tained four and one half to five times in the total without caudal. 

 The head is pointed, about two sevenths of standard length 

 and contains the eye five to five and one half times. The 

 mouth is smaller than in the pike perch; the maxilla reaches to 

 the hind margin of the eye. D. XII to XIII, I, 17 to 18; A. II,. 

 12. Scales 92 to 98; 4 to 7 pyloric caeca, unequal in size and 

 all of them shorter than the stomach. 



Color olivaceous above; sides brassy or pale orange, mottled 

 with black in the form of irregular dark blotches, which are 

 best defined under the soft dorsal. The spinous dorsal has- 

 several rows of round black spots on the membrane between i 

 the spines; no black blotch on the hind part of the spinous 

 dorsal. Pectorals with a large dark blotch at base; soft dorsal, 

 with several rows of dark spots irregularly placed; caudal yel- 

 lowish with dark spots forming interrupted bars. 



The Sanger is known also as sand pike, gray pike and green 

 pike, Pickering, pickerel and horsefish. It is found in the St 

 Lawrence river and Great lakes region, the upper Mississippi; 

 and Missouri rivers and in the Ohio, where it is said to have 

 been introduced from the lakes through canals. This is a small 

 fish, seldom exceeding 18 inches in length, and embraces several: 

 varieties. It is very common in the Great lakes and is abun- 

 dant in the Ohio river. It is doubtful whether it is native to* 

 Ohio or introduced. It is also found rarely in Cayuga lake. 

 Rev. Zadock Thompson, in his History of Vermont, says it is muchi 



