FISHES OF NEW YORK 695 



The cranium is proportionallv broader toward the front and 

 less flattened, while the brain case is flattened below, decidedly 

 swollen on each side of a depressed splienoidal groove, tind has 

 an ovate cardiform shape; the paraoccipital or epiotic is not 

 produced into an angle behind, but is obtusely rounded, and its 

 posterior or outwardly descending ridge hltmt; the opisthotic is 

 well developed, oblong, and with its reentering angle high up, 

 and, on a line with it, the surface is divided into two parts — a 

 narrow and flattened one, and a lower, expanded one, much 

 swollen; the alisphenoid or prootic is oUong, acutely emarginate 

 in front, swollen from the region of the hi^h anterior sinus, 

 and above a little produced forward; the great frontal is a little 

 longer than broad, with supraoccipital crest continued forward 

 on the bone, and near the front expanded upward, and with the 

 expanded portion behind dividing into narrow lateral wings; the 

 lateral testiform ridges of the frontal are continued forward 

 and curved outward toward the antero-lateral angles; the ante- 

 rior frontals are mostly covered in front by the great frontal, 

 and are much developed in the direction of the antero-lateral 

 angles, the inferior expanded axillary portion being very nar- 

 row; the nasal has a rounded ridge in front, continued well 

 below, and its posterior crest is laminar and trenchant. 



Species American; valued as food. 



346 Microgadus tomcod (Walbaum) 



Tomcod; Frostfish 



■Gadiis tomcod Walbaum, Art. Gen. Pise. Ill, 183, 1792. 



Gadiis tomcodiis Mitchill, Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soe. N. Y. I, 368, 1815; 



Stoker, Rep. Fish. Mass. 126, 1839; Gunthee, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. 



IV, 331, 1862. 

 ixadus pruinosus Mitchill, Rep. Fish. N. Y. 4, 1814. 

 Morrhua pruinosa De Kay, N. Y. Fauna, Fish. 278, pi. 44, fig. 142, 1842; 



Stoeer, Hist. Fish. Mass. 179, pi. XXVII, fig. 5, 1867. 

 Microgadus tomdodus Goode & Bean, Bull. Essex Inst. XI, 8, 1879; Bean, 



19th Rep. Comm. Fish. N. Y. 248, pi. Ill, fig. 3, 1890. 

 Microgadus tomcod Jordan & Gilbeet, Bull. 16, U. S. Nat. Mus. 806, 1883; 



Bean, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. IX, 371, 1897; Meaens, Bull. Am. 



Mus. Nat. Hist. X, 322, 1898; Eugene Smith, Proe. Linn. See. 



N. Y. 1897, 40, 1898; H. M. Smith, Bull. U. S. F. C. 1897,' 107, 1898; 



Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. Nat, Mus. Ill, 2540, 1898; IV, pi. 



CCCLX, fig: 890, 1900; Bean, 52d Ann. Rep. N. Y. State Mus. 100, 



;L900. 



