714 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM ' 



This grenadier inhabits the West Indies, the Gulf of Mexico, 



and is found in the Gulf Stream in deep water. It is abundant. 



The U. S. Fish Commission steamer. Fish Hawk, has taken it in 



the Gulf Stream off Rhode Island in 115 fathoms. The fish is 



described and figured by Goode and Bean, Oomnic Ichthyology, 



p. 398, fig. 336. 



Order HETEROSOMATA 



Flatfishes 

 Family ft^k^urone^cxidae: 

 Flounders 

 Genus hippoglossus Cuvier 

 Eyes and color on the right side; form oblong, not strongly 

 compressed; mouth wide, oblique; teeth in the upper jaw in two 

 series, those below in one, anterior teeth in upper jaw, and 

 lateral teeth in lower, strong, no teeth on vomer or palatines, 

 lo'wer pharyngeal teeth in two rows; dorsal fin beginning above 

 the eye, its middle rays elevated, the posterior rays of dorsal and 

 anal bifid; caudal fin lunate; ventral fins both lateral; scales 

 very small, cycloid; lateral line with a strong curve in front; gill 

 rakers few, short, compressed, wide set. Vertebrae 16+34. 

 -Largest of the flounders. One species; abundant on both coasts 

 of the north Atlantic and of the north Pacific. 



358 Hippoglossus hippoglossus (Linnaeus) 

 HaUhut 



Pleuronectes hippoglossus Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. ed. X, I, 269, 1758; Mitchill, 



Rep. Fish. N. Y. 10, 1814; Trans. Lit. & Phil. Soc. N. Y. I, 386, 1815. 

 Hippoglossus vulgaris De Kay, N.Y. Fauna, Fishes, 294, pi. 49, fig. 157, 1842; 



GiJNTHER, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus. lY, 403, 1862; Stoker, Hist. Fish. 



Mass. 192, pi. XXX, fig. 1, 1867; Goode & Bean, Bull. Essex Inst. XI, 



7, 1879; Jordan & Gilbert, Bull. 16, U. S. Nat. Mus. 819, 1883; Goode, 



Fish & Fish. Ind. U. S. I, 189, pi. 54, 1884. 

 Hippoglossus hippoglossus Jordan, Cat. Fish. N. A. 133, 1885; H. M. Smith, 



Bull, U. S. F. C. 1897, 108, 1898; Jordan & Evermann, Bull. 47, U. S. 



Nat. Mus. Ill, 2611, 1898; IV, pi. CCCLXXI, fig. 918, 1900; Sherwood 



& Edwards, Bull. U. S. F. C. 1901, 31, 1901. 



Body comparatively elongate, not strongly compressed, deep 

 mesially, its depth one third of total length without caudal, 

 tapering rapidly in its posterior half; head broad, moderately 



