154 NEW YORK STATE MLJSLUM 



been obtained with this latter insectide in some other portions of 

 the State. 



Lime-sulfur washes. Early experiments with this material were 

 so unfavorable, that it was supposed to have no value in our east- 

 ern climate, though it had been used with great success in Cali- 

 fornia. The matter was revived in later years, and recent tests 

 have shown that under certain conditions, at least, very large 

 proportions of the scale have been killed by the use of this insecti- 

 cide. Our applications last year were somewhat unfortunate, in 

 view of the fact that we failed to kill a satisfactory proportion of 

 the insects, and in this respect our results were somewhatf different 

 from those obtained by other experimenters. The treatment was 

 followed by continued heavy rains, and this, with oil from appli- 

 cations the preceding year may account for the noneffective- 

 ness of the wash. Further experiments were conducted the pres- 

 ent season for the purpose of testing the value of the preparation 

 more thoroughly, and also for determining," if possible, the best 

 wash to be employed. The early spring experiments were at Clin- 

 ton Heights, and at Warwick. Two formulas, in particular, were 

 tested: one which may be known as the 30-30-30 combination to 

 100 gallons, and the other the 40-15-20 to 60 gallons. Both gave 

 excellent results at Warwick, where conditions were almost ideal 

 for careful experimentation, and a modification possessing some 

 advantages was also employed. This latter consists of 25 pounds 

 of lime, 20 pounds of sulfur to 60 gallons of water. Unfortunately 

 the experiments at Clinton Heights though carefully performed 

 failed to yield the results we desired, partly on account of unfavor- 

 able conditions due to very large trees with rough bark being the 

 only ones available. In our experimental orchard at Clinton 

 Heights an application of lime-sulfur, using a 30-30-30 formula, 

 was made to the same trees treated in this way the preceding year, 

 and we regret to state that the results were not very satisfactory, 

 though the application was more successful than that of 1902. 

 The spraying was followed immediately by some snow and rain, . 

 and while this may have had a detrimental effect, it does not ac- 

 count entirely for the failure. II is possible that the extremely 



