192 IRVING. 



directly east into the valley of Whitev/ood creek. The division 

 is made by a high ridge which passes through Deer Mountain, 

 Terry Peak and Green Mountain, and thence runs almost di- 

 rectly north in an irregular line beyond the limits of the map. 



The most important of the westerly draining streams is Squaw 

 creek, which rises in the neighborhood of Green Mountain and 

 Portland, flows northwest to and around War Eagle Hill, and 

 then assumes a general northerly course. It finally sweeps 

 sharply to the west and flows through a deep, rugged gorge 

 with a general northwesterly trend to unite its waters with those 

 of Spearfish creek in the extreme northwestern corner of the 

 district. From the northwest it is fed by a series of almost par- 

 allel gulches, which are separated one from another by long 

 rounded hog-backs ; the latter often have quite precipitous sides 

 and slope down abruptly at their extremities into the gorge of 

 the main creek. The largest of these tributaries are Labrador 

 gulch, the most easterly, and Redpath creek, the most westerly 

 of the series. Both of them are long, rather deep gorges 

 which enter Spearfish through narrow, almost precipitous gate- 

 ways. Their sides and those of the canon of Squaw creek re- 

 veal a very complicated geological structure which is the more 

 difficult to unravel from the nearly inaccessible nature of the 

 exposures. 



Parallel to Squaw creek and something more than a mile to 

 the south is a long, shallow stream known as Long Valley. It 

 heads up at Crown hill, runs northwest, becomes a precipitous 

 gorge below the tovvn of Preston and enters Spearfish between 

 high limestone bluffs. Around the north and south side of 

 Ragged Top mountain run the the dry gulches of Jackass and 

 Calamity creeks respectively, uniting just beyond the western 

 extension of the mountain and opening into the Spearfish 

 through the usual deep gorge. The two other gulches that 

 drain the flat country between Elk mountain and Spearfish are 

 Johnson creek and Elk cafion (McKinley creek), both with pre- 

 cipitous sides but containing no water throughout the larger 

 portion of the year. 



A little more than a mile south of Elk mountain is the deep 



