CONTRIBUTIONS TO AVESTAN SYNTAX. 573 



'whosoever of you shall worship the good waters, . . . unto 

 him should ye give, O good waters, the best life of the righteous, 

 radiant, all-glorious.' 



The following are examples of conditional sentences in San- 

 skrit, Old Persian, and Greek, which have the Subjunctive in the 

 Protasis and the Optative in the Apodosis. 



Rv. 4. 41.1 1 : 



ydd didydvah prtandsii prakrildn tdsya vain sydma sanitar'a dj'kh. 



' when the arrows shall play amid the battles, we should be 

 victors of that booty.' 



Bh. 4. 54-56: 



yadiy imam 

 hqdugdni naiy apagaiidaydhy kdrahyd ddhy anramazdd d^uvdm 

 daustd biyd u^tdtaiy tauuid^ vasiy biyd utd dai^gam jivd. 



' if thou shalt not conceal this edict, (but) shalt tell it to the 

 people, Auramazda should be thy friend, and thy family should 

 be many, and thou shalt live long.' ^ 



Aristophanes Nephel. 116-118. 



Yjv ouv fJid&rj^ pLOc TOP d.diXou toutov ?,6yov, 

 & vov d(fscAco oca ai, toutcov raiu "^peoJv^ 

 ohx d.v ajzo^obqv oho d.v o^z'kov oudzv'i. 



d. Subjunctive in the Protasis and Injunctive in the Apodosis. 



a. The Present tense in both Clauses. 



I. The Protasis is introduced by the general 

 relative ya — .• 



yt. 11. 4-5 (yAv. prose) : 



yasca zarad-ustra imat uxdam vaco fravaocdt . . . noit dim 

 yava . . . drva . . . aoi ava-spasnaot. 



' whosoever, O Zarathushtra, shall pronounce this spoken 

 word . . . never him ... is the wicked man ... to spy.' 



1 Onjivda.s a Subjunctive see Bartholomae ZDMG. XLVI. 295, and Grundr. der 

 iran. Philol. i. 201. This view is sustained by the Precative in the Babylonian 

 version (1. 102) umeka lu-iku. Cf. also the Elamitic rendering iakataktine and see 

 Weisbach Achameniden-inschriften zweit. Art. 52 and Foy ZDMG. LII. 580 

 Anm. 4, 582. 



