580 GRAY. 



'if I should not have created, O Spitama Zarathushtra, a 

 place joy-giving, (although really) not pleasant anywhere, all 

 the material world will come to Iran Vej.' 



(For this strange use of the Subjunctive, apparently due to 

 the loss of feeling for the finer mood-distinctions, compare the 

 interchange of the moods in the preceding example.) 



As examples of the conditional sentence containing the Op- 

 tative in both clauses in Sanskrit and Greek we may cite the 

 following passages: 



Rv. 8. 44.23 



ydd ague syani ahdih tvdni tvdiii vd ghd sya alidin 

 syiis te satyd ihasisah. 



' if I should be thou, Agni, or thou shouldst be I, thy wishes 

 should come true.' 



Iliad 7. 28 : 



ri/x se fjioi xt zi&oco^ to xsu tvoAu xipdiov er/j. 



In the case of the Condition of Unfulfilled Ideality the Greek 

 has made an innovation on the Indo-Germanic form by substitu- 

 ting the Indicative for the Optative. This change renders the 

 sentence more vivid, since it brings to the front the actual state 

 caused by the actual unfulfillment of the condition. Cf. for 

 example Iliad 5. 679-680 : 



xai v'j X ire TiAeoua^ \hxuou xrdvs dco^ ^ Oduaazu:^, 

 el prrj fi.p o^h vo'fjoz iii'fu.z, xopud-aio'Ao:^ ''' Exrcop. 



Yet in the Greek we find relics of the more primitive con- 

 struction. For example, we have the Optative in the Apodosis 

 of an Unreal Condition in Iliad 2. 80-81 : 



([.'VJdoz xsu ipo.'cfizv xal voaipi^oifis&a pJaXXov. 



Cases are not wanting of the original form of this condition 

 with the Optative in both Clauses, as we see in Iliad 23, 274- 

 275. 



zl ixkv uuu inc d.Aho aed-Aeoocatv \lj^acoi^ 



■q T du iyto za Tipcoza Aa.fitov /Moirjvot ipzpolijyjv. 



