The Plankton Algae of the Palisades Interstate Park 103 



growth of algae and, as will be shown below, the chemical com- 

 position of the water, light, temperature, shape of the lake, and other 

 factors operate to facilitate or retard their groN\^h. 



The Algae That Cause Blooms. It has already been indicated 

 that there are many different kinds of algae. The primary divisions 

 of the fresh-water algae are based on the coloring matter within 

 the cells or on the nature of the cell walls. These divisions of the 

 algae are : the ^Myxophyceae or Blue-Green Algae, which contain a 

 mixture of blue and green coloring matters ; the Chlorophyceae or 

 Grass-Green Algae, w'hich contain only green coloring matter ; the 

 Heterokonteae or Yellow-Green Algae ; the Phaeophyceae or Brown 

 Algae; and the Bacillarieae or Diatoms, which have a cell wall that 

 is heavily impregnated with silica. 



Algae of all five classes are found in the plankton, and wdien the 

 Hst of those which have been noted to occur in sufftcient quantit\; 

 to color the water is compiled it makes a much larger number of 

 species than has generall}- been supposed. The following list com- 

 prises the algae that have been observed as producers of blooms at 

 various times and in dift'erent parts of the world. 



List of Algae That Have Been Observed To Produce Blooms. 



Myxophyceae 



CoelospJwerium Kuetsmgianum , n xt , 



Amberg ('03), Farlow ('80, '83), Klebahn ('96), Kolkowitz ( 10), Aelson 

 ('03), Richter ('94), Schroter ('97), Wesenberg-Lund ('04). 

 Coelosphaerium dnhium 



Lemmermann ("08), Schmula ('98). 

 Coelosphaerium Naegeliamim 



,Bachmann ('08, '10), Lemmermann Cojb). 

 Microcystis Hos-aquae j /• n 



Lemmermami ('07b), Richter (94). \A esenberg-Lund (04). 

 Microcystis ichthyoblabe 



Lemmermann v"07b), Seligo ('90). 



Chifhrocystis aeruginosa ,, , , ,, , ^^ r^ n v /'T^^ 



Farlow ('80, 83), Henfrey ('56), Klebahn ('95, 96), Kolkowitz (10), 

 Krauze ('05), Lemmermann ('07b, '08), Ludwig (96), Magnus (63), 

 Mobius (07), Quelle ('07), Schneider ('08), Schroter (97), Seligo 

 ('90), Treichel ('79), Wesenberg-Lund ('04). 

 Polvcystis scripta 



"Klebahn ('96), Magnus ('83), Richter (94)- 

 Polycvstis prasina 



Klebahn ('96), Magnus ('83), Richter (94)- 

 Polycvstis ochracea 



B'rand ('98), Lemmermann ('07b). 

 Microcystis elabena 



Lemmermann ('07b) . 

 Microcystis viridis 



Lemmermann ('07b). 

 SpiruUna Thompsonii 



Thompson ('40). 

 Oscillatoria aerugescens 



Drummond ('83). 

 Oscillatoria prolifica 



Hvams & Richards ('01, '02), Olive (05). 



