314 Roosevelt Wild Life Bulletin 



emptied. The fish may be dipped out, or carefully poured from the 

 can. In the latter case, the mouth of the can should be held no 

 more than a few inches above the stream, so that the fry will not 

 be jarred by the impact of the water. The fish should be spread out 

 as much as possible, some being planted in one place, and others a 

 little farther away. No more than 500 fingerlings or 2,000 fry 

 should be planted per mile in a small stream. The food supply will 

 be in danger of exhaustion in over-stocked waters." 



Artificial Stream Pools and Side Pools. " One of the very best 

 means that can be adopted for the protection of the fry of stream 

 fish is the building of artificial stream pools. These are formed by 

 damming up the headwater rivulets and little spring creeks. A 

 number of dams, built of loose rocks, logs or boards, may be 

 advantageously placed a short distance apart on the same stream. 

 They not only insure a good water supply for the young fish in 

 dry seasons, but also prevent them' from being swept away by spring 

 freshets. They also largely increase the area in which the natural 

 food supply may grow, and over which the fish may forage for this 

 food. By remaining in these pools near the headwaters, the fry 

 gain security from the larger predacious fish that lurk down- 

 stream. After attaining a suitable size, however, they will of their 

 own accord seek the lower courses. Probably in most cases the 

 stones or other materials for building the dams may be found 

 on the spot. The structures need not be more than twelve or fifteen 

 inches in height. The tops of the dams should be as narrow as 

 possible, and the water should fall over them in at least one place, 

 in order that such fish as trout may leap over the obstruction with- 

 out difficulty in ascending the stream to spawn in the fall. The 

 beaver dams in the Adirondacks make stream pools on a large 

 scale, and have greatly improved the trout fishing on the streams 

 where they are located. 



" Side pools may be formed on large streams either by excavat- 

 ing suitable basins near the streams and diverting water through 

 them, or by taking advantage of natural hollows and basins. The 

 inlet from the stream and the outlet of the side pool should be 

 screened to prevent the entrance of fish from the stream, which 

 would prey upon the fry in the side pool. These pools, if sufficiently 

 large, will provide enough natural food for a considerable number of 

 fry. The fingerlings should be allowed to run into the main stream 

 in the fall. On the headwaters of small streams, where large fish 

 are not found, pools of this sort, that will require no screening, 

 can often be made at small expense, and the fry in them will require 

 no attention. Shade can easily be provided on the banks of side 

 pools by the planting of willows and black alders. A few large 

 rocks under which the little fish can hide and boards supported from 

 the bottom on stones, and weighted down with rocks to prevent float- 

 ing away, will complete the arrangements." 



This may be a convenient place to call attention to a method of 

 planting brook trout which was adopted by the Massachusetts Com- 



