428 



Ph.jfo by Edmund HcUcr. 



Fig. 6S. A band of cow oik in tiie snows of late Xovember at Mammotli. 

 This open cedar grove was severely browsed 1i} elk during a starvation 

 period, the winter of 1019-1020. 



Photo bv Edmund Heller. 



Fig. 69. An elk herd (males and females) in the Upper Gardiner \ alley 



in late Xovember. 



