358 HEWETT : SPILOSOMA LUBRICIPEDA AND ITS VARIETIES. 
a question of forcing. I am not aware that two broods have been 
produced in one season under other than artificial conditions. 
So far as I know, there is no record of S. /ubricipeda being 
double-brooded, and Mr. Jackson, of York, informs me that he has 
never, in his long experience with S. /ubricipeda (extending over 30 
years), known it to be so, even in a single instance, under natural 
conditions. 
The Hull collectors, who also breed large numbers of S. /ubrt- 
cifeda, have never been fortunate enough to obtain var. vadza/a, 
neither have the collectors at Beverley, Bradford, Barnsley, 
Darlington, Durham, Hartlepool, Huddersfield, Keighley, Rother- 
ham, Selby, Sheffield, etc. 
With regard to the variation of S. lubricipeda in 
Durham, Mr. T. Maddison, of Durham, writes :—‘I have never got 
anything like a decent variety, nothing in the least approaching the 
York or Barnsley varieties ;’ whilst Mr. J. E. Robson, F.E.S., of 
Hartlepool, informs me ‘that although he has never bred var. radiata 
at Hartlepool or known it to occur there, he has in his series of S. 
lubricipeda, bred from larvz obtained at Hartlepool, several examples 
of variety fasciata’ and intermediate forms. Mr. William Newman, of 
Russell Street, Darlington, has six exceptionally fine varieties of 5. 
lubricipeda, three males and three females, in his collection, all reared 
from larve obtained at Darlington, one of the males being of the 
variety fasciata, two of the males are of the variety eboract, whilst two 
of the females have the hind-wings similar to the variety radiata, 
fore-wings almost typical; he has also bred other varieties corres- 
ponding from time to time. These I have seen ‘ chez lui’ on three 
different occasions, the last being on the 13th October of the present 
year when I ran over to Darlington for the special purpose of 
obtaining detailed descriptions of them for this paper. 
I quite agree with Mr. Tugwell in thinking that the explanation 
of the occurrence of variety radiata in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire 
is to be attributed to the ‘ brought over theory,’ and that the original 
specimens or parents have come over to this country from Heligo- 
land either by their own unaided flight or else as stowaways On 
board ship; the chances of their distribution inland would be 
materially increased by the ‘chemin de fer,’ by which means 
I have frequently known southern insects to be found in wagons 
arriving in York from the south. 
Variety eboraci. This is, in my opinion, by far the most 
interesting variety of S. dubricifeda, and occurs more abundantly in 
the neighbourhood of York than elsewhere, though it is by 2° 
means confined to the environs of our fine old city, or indeed to the 
Naturalist, 
