1g ON THE FLORA OF THE ENVIRONS OF BRADFORD. 
plants of a low degree of organisation, the only exceptions being the 
Cacee. e stones and the soil —~ are eis d with Lichens 
and Mosses. Asnong ¢ the former are many species of Lecidea (ineluding 
LL. geographica in occasional ~~ anid vanuthion of Cladonia, Scypho- 
phorus, and Parmelia. Numerous species of Jungermannia also form 
moss-like tufts nies Cyperacee and lowe compete with the 
Cryptogamia and cacee, and sometimes one , sometimes 
another, gets such advantage in the struggle as to obtain exclusive 
pos of considerable . Few wea, if an e en- 
countered on these high grounds, their place being ‘taken by the so- 
calle nt (Juncus sonatas and by Cotton-Grass (Zriophorum 
vaginatum). On descending a little, however, we upon mat-like 
aid the Mat-Grass by Molinia sails Instead of Vaccinium “Wirt ‘afiuin 
and V. Vitis-idaa, i in like manner, we find, trailing on the Sphagnum 
often cord with Potamogeton natans, and the margin is fringed here 
with Myosotis bee there with Eguisetum limosum, or with the 
spikes of Martheeium, or with a mossy bed on which trails the delicate 
Anagallis tenella or "the Hydrocotyle. If we follow one of the nume- 
rous rivulets or gills which descend on all sides from this high region, 
gams. The stones in the bed of the stream are green and purple with 
luxuriant tresses of Jungermannia. In addition to. the Mosses found near 
femina attract our admiration. But suddenly, as if to startle us by 
the contrast, there appears, nestling in a rocky cleft at our feet, and 
standing as it were a sentinel above the forest trees in the ‘wood 
below, the hardy but elegant Rowan-tree (Pyrus Aucuparia), not an 
unworthy herald of the “grace Oak, the feathery Ash, the flowing 
only w belt of Gorse and Brake (Ulex europeus and Pteris 
pn Say beceies: us and the upland pastures. 
Pasturns.—Continuing our descent, we come, — entering the 
wo pon groups of farm-buildings, surro unded, not by planations 
throughout the summer thomthi ere grow Trifolium minus 
tilla Tormentilla, Galium satatile, Arenaria serpyllifolia, and Polygata 
vulgaris. Here, too, and in the surrounding fields we welcome the 
