270 NORTH OR LAKE LANCASHIRE. 
and the Leven, elevated and woody, and which stretches away for 
twelve miles to the south, ending in the Cartmel promontory of 
Humphrey head; a sheer wall of limestone nearly two hundred feet 
above the sea at its base. 
Geology.—It is not in my power to give an accurate sketch of the 
geology of North Lancashire; that is at present in the hands of the 
urvey, and it will very likely have to be re-learnt by the am 
when their work.is done, 
The rocks all down the vale of the Duddon, those also along the 
course of the Brathay to the head of Windermere, those of all the higher 
peaks before noticed, belong to what are called by the earlier geologists 
the Green Slates and Porphyry, a series of igneous and aqueous inter- 
bedded rocks, with, in the igneous portion, very varying texture. 
Whether these, constituting as they do, such strikingly different 
the limestone, abounds with exquisitely beautiful fossils of great age. 
stones of Hampsfield fell, Grange, Kirkhead, and Humphrey head, 
which skirt the shore in places, it occupies Cartmel and the Bigland 
range of hills to the sea. 
Numerous igneous dykes outcrop here and there through is — 
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flags, and grits, these are repeated by means of much faulting, on the 
east side of the Duddon estuary (the last extending to the left bank 
of the Leven estuary), and from underneath which a strip of the 
Green Slate and Porphyry appears again in the remarkable crags of 
Greenscow and High Haume. The well-known old quarries of 
Kirkby Ireleth are in the Coniston flags division. ? 
Immediately to the south-west and east of the town of Ulverston, 
the Carboniferous Limestone is the uppermost rock for six miles, with 
a breadth of four miles. Towards the shore it forms rugged Tr ; 
about four hundred feet in height. Its beds dip to the south-east 5 
° 
and along high-water-mark present fine glaciated abies to 
; fre Li 
