Eee NL TI NIRS 
THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION AT MANCHESTER 333 
shrubs and trees, though there is donee to show that the Mono- 
cotyledonous trees and shrubs are very old, and that the Gamo- 
petale as a aig le are older in Ceylon tenn the gk mar ane 
A paper on the newer type of Plant Geography followed. Dr. 
HK. J. Balebuty oe the cc due toc na oe exhibited 
by the ground flora of Oak-Hornbeam woods on Clays and Loams. 
The effect of light and shade, effects known in a general way to 
all field botanists, were npg sed, and some unlooked- for ape of 
coppicing, e.g. the fact that the coppiced wood has a higher 
acidity and lower water content than the uncoppiced, doe noted. 
ter a discussion, Prof. Weiss read a paper by Prof. T. = B. 
geen on the morphology of Selaginella uliginosa, and one by 
KE. M. Osborn recording preliminary observations an 
Acualian Z4ygopteris—which in its stele of the Ankyroperis 
Grayt type, the absence of axilla ary branches, and the simple 
Clepsydropsoid petiole is a most interesting addition to the 
ZLygopteridesx. 
n the afternoon Ero W. B. Bottomley gave a description of 
the formation of auxim ms from nitrogenous orpenie. enebenens. 
This. was peice an account of efficacy of bacterized peat 
which is particularly ght in auximomes, the peo pereiia: of which 
increases with the progressive humification of the organic matter. 
The daily papers have fully described the results of Professor 
Bottomley’s sapormenia, which, if they succeed on a large scale, 
will mark one of the greatest advances in the application of 
botanical science. 
The following paper by Dr. D. Ellis on fossil fungi and segs 
bacteria was also somewhat om Hane n investigation 
described possessing what were considered to sporangia 
probably hau four spores. A similar "fangus but without 
sporangia, was cribed under the name pina is rig 
ere : 
discharge the drop is carried with ns ro The physics of the 
mechanism seemed to cause general anx 
Prof. F. W. Oliver made some aun remarks on fruits and 
seeds. The paper a ieee ntain a good number of new ideas 
which will probably call for discussion when published. A long 
day was brought to a daahapn by an account of the vegetative 
anatomy from an — standpoint of Molinia cerulea by the 
Rev. T. A. Jeffries 
