THE PITCHER OF CEPHALOTUS FOLLICULARIS. 138 
or — between the pitcher of mprenty: on the one hand, 
and of Sarracenia and Nepenthes, on the other, in bo 
of aidek “latter the development sa been examin arracenia 
by ~ get Baillon,* and in Ne epenthes by ‘Bir J oseph D. Socket t 
s Sarracenia, Baillon’s observations and conclusions 
are briefly as follows :—In S. purpurea the leaf appears at first as a 
small convex mammilla little r the b th an 
becomes somewhat dilated and a little concave towards the inner 
surface. This dilatation is the sheathing base of the petiole, and 
at a later paid becomes considerably developed. It has —— 
to oi with the formation of the pitcher. This last appears some- 
portions mer exitakis holds to x formed on the upper surface 
of the lamina. The fully-developed pitcher he views as corre- 
sponding morphologically toa peltate leaf like that of Nelwnbium. The 
large but shallow inverted cone which forms the leaf-blade in Nelwm- 
bium becomes in tot: racenia deeper and narrower, so as ultimately to 
present the form of a lon _ obconical horn. The rasa lid he 
Sarracenia the whole outer surface of the pitcher, on the near as 
well as on the far side from the main axis, would represent lower 
leaf-surface ; whereas in Cephalotus the upper surface of the pitcher 
= — the port on of the outer surface of the pitcher-wall opera 
g between it and the extremity of the petiole, and bounde 
Shams by the ‘lateral lines” above referred to, belong to upper 
eaf-surface 
As re gards Nepenthes, Hooker’s observations conclusively show 
_ the pitsher-av ity is _ result of a po ouching from the upper 
ogee from the upper leaf-surface, just as in Cephalotus : 
with s difference, however, that while in Cephalotus the lid 
peiie rae the side of the pitcher orifice nearest to the main axis, 
the lid in Nepenthes springs from the side farthest from it. 
The pitcher-leafof Nepenthes presents, as is well known, very con- 
siderable difficulties to the morphologist who wishes to reduce its 
oe 8 to the terms a ‘‘petiole ” and “ lamina.” The flatly expanded 
po sometimes sessile and sometimes supported by what closely 
sedcmiblee a selisies | is considered by Hooker as the lamina, whose 
* Sur le devel +t das fenilles des Sarracenia. ‘Comptes Rendus’ (ixxi., 
p. 630. is 
+ On sina’ and Development of the Pitchers of Nepenthes, with an 
Account br some new Bornean Plants of that Genns. (Trans. Linn, Soc 
vol, xxii,, p, 415,) 
