ON: THE NATURAL HISTORY OF MADAGASCAR. 863 
Livingstone expedition in the eepath hearst Of ese phon species 
common to Madagascar and the sma ands, and not found 
elsewhere, we have instances in “Clematis. A ES i ivGiauien 
virusanum, Phyllanthus casticum, madagascariense, Acalypha 
colorata, Hlatostema fagifolium, ‘Oberonia br evifolia, Eulophia scripta, 
and many other Orchids, Smilaa anceps, Cyperus ferrugineus and 
longifolius. According to Dr. Kuhn’s recent enumeration in the 
botany of Van der Decken’s eee: out of 262 aie anne ferns, 
115 occur in Mauritius and 138 in Bourbon. 
CLOSE AFFINITY OF THE eats Fora WITH THAT oF TROPICAL 
Arrica.—There is a strong affinity between the forest-flora of the 
tropical zone in Madagascar and that of the main African conti- 
nent. In Rubiacee alone there are ten genera —_ Otomeria, 
Dirichletia, Tricalysia, Diplocrater, Cremaspora, Albert , Lecontea, 
and Anthosper — otherwise restricted to Tropical Afriea, whi ch 
extend their range to Madagascar. Of the Sas genus Dombeya, in 
Sterculiacee, there are about 25 species, half of which are natives 
of the forests of agen cycome = the others of Kafiraria, Natal, 
Abyssinia, Bourbon, and Mauritius. There is a remarkable genus 
of Podostemacee called Hy aes, > species of which is used 
Madagascar, one in Natal, one in Mozam iqu e, and one in the 
iain eek country. Of the Pipnctiancscnn genus P. one 
species of which enters largely into the Madagascar pharmacopeeia 
as a remedy in scabies and eczema, there are half a dozen species 
in the island, and on the continent four, in the Mozambique 
district, Nile- land, and Upper and Lower Guinea. Another very 
curious genus is Xerophyta, an endogen allied to Narcissus, wi 
‘shrubby stems and star-like blue flowers, with a glutinous inferior 
ovary. this there are four species in Madagascar, ten or a 
dozen in Angola, Abyssinia, Natal, and Central Africa, and about 
half a dozen in the mountain provinces of epi Brazil. We 
others, inte of ee ate ane Sout st ada- 
r and Tropical Africa in Haronga madagascariensis, which 
urs also in Mauritius, Mozambique, Angola, and Sons apes 
d paleaceum, Eriosema cajanoides an 
ret Tree (Lrachylobium Hornemannianum), 
Albizaia Fastigiata, , Rubus apetalus and pinnatus, Serpicula repens, 
| AND THE 
ial affinit between i. rp of Madagascar and the 
Se Asia and the Malay archipelago. 
aii veo ; of these 28 belong 
There is one endemic species 
