PLEISTOCENE GEOLOGY OF MOOERS QUADRANGLE 41 



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low modified drumloidal hill about 2 miles northwest of Mooers 

 Junction. The underlying glacial materials are angular rock 

 fragments peculiar to glacial till. It is evident that long con- 

 tinued and effective wave action took place on the western islope 

 of this hill. The eastern slope is occasioned by a few large bould- 

 ers but without waterworn materials and without any definite 

 signs of a beach. Another similar ridge about 1 mile south- 

 east of that above described' shows similar features except that 

 its crest is wave-heaped inclosing a shallow lagoon between 

 low beach ridges. Its eastern slope is wave washed. The crest 

 is approximately at the 350 foot level. 



From Sciota southward to near West Ghazy there is much 

 subrounded beach gravel along the state road at levels from 380 

 to 400 feet. There are also heavy beaches [pi. 18-21] . 



Summarizing, none of these ridges has been found sufficiently 

 continuous and distinct from those above and below it to enable 

 one to trace it out by walking across the area on what appeared to 

 be a cjeposit made at any one time acroiss the limits of the sheet. 

 The attempt to show whether the beaches are still level or are tilted 

 from their original position appeared to demand a more general 

 consideration involving a istudy of the beaches north and south of 

 the area. Similarly the distinction between beaches made by waves 

 in the glacial lake which it is believed covered the district before 

 the sea came in and those made by the waves of the sea has not 

 seemed possible by means of evidence found within the Mooers 

 quadrangle. Though as shown below there are certain details 

 in the strength of wave action which fit in with facts farther 

 south and confirm the view that the upper marine limit is ap- 

 proximately determinable. 



Evidence at Covey hill, Canada. Fortunately for the geologist in 

 this field, the critical area for the study of the shore line 

 problems which arise on the Mooers quadrangle lies just over the 

 international boundary in Canada. Immediately north of the 

 abandoned Niagara known as " the Gulf," the northeastern pro- 

 longation of the Adirondacks terminates in Covey hill, whose 

 elevation according to the United States Geological Survey is 

 1030 feet above mean tide level. 1 Within about 3 miles from the 

 boundary line the ground falls off to less than 300 feet, as at 



1 Information supplied by Dr G. K. Gilbert. 



