REPORT OP THE STATE PALEONTOLOGIST 1902 1161 



of the section can be best studied in the vicinity of the Heard 

 gypsum quarry 1 mile south of Lyndon in the town of Dewitt. 

 The middle portion is best shown at Brown's falls on the west 

 branch of Limestone creek, 1% miles southwest of the village of 

 Manlius, while the upper portions are made accessible by the 

 natural outcrops and the extensive quarries in the hill just east 

 of Manlius. 



Section at the Heard gypsum quarry 



Salina formation. North from the quarry there is exposed in 

 the road and in the fields a dark porous limestone. In some of 

 the thinnest layers L e p e r d i t i a cf . s c a 1 a r i s is very 

 abundant, while a small species of Whitfieldella is very common 

 in the other portions of the rock. This limestone was formerly 

 burnt for lime and its horizon is about 40 feet below the gypsum 

 exposed in the quarry. The interval between this outcrop and 

 the base of the gypsum quarry does not show any outcrop of 

 the limestone. The gypsum including numerous intercalations 

 of shale, is 65 feet thick and is overlain by 10 feet of olive-green 

 shales which are quite soft, and often they lose their regular 

 structure and become complicated, due largely to dissolving out 

 of gypsum and to changes which have taken place in the under- 

 lying mass. Above these soft shales there are 6 feet of Salina 

 waterlime. The appearance of the rock is similar to the Salina 

 waterlime of Herkimer county. Fragments of Eurypterus are 

 frequently seen but the Lingula found at the same horizon 

 farther west has not been observed. A small quantity of Salina 

 waterlime taken out in the process of quarrying gypsum is now 

 burned for cement, but it has never formed an important factor 

 in the cement industry of Onondaga county. 



Cobleskill limestone. The Cobleskill limestone directly suc- 

 ceeds the Salina waterlime. In this section the basal portion 

 for 4 feet possesses the usual features of the Cobleskill of the 

 eastern sections and is characterized by such fossils as S p i r i - 

 fer crispus var. corallinensis, Whitfieldella 

 nucleolata, Chonetes jerseyensis and S t r o - 

 pheodonta bipartita. The upper portion is transitional 

 into the Rondout waterlime, from which it is not readily 

 distinguishable. 



