212 Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy. 



choose two persons out of the Council to be Justices. We see in this the 

 origin of the practice of appointing two or more Lords Justices, in the 

 absence of the Lord Lieutenant, whieli has continued to the present time. 



(d) hepiiiy. 



Most Governors were entitled by their patents to elect a Deputy to 

 govern in their absence, but the election was sometimes made by the King, 

 as in the ease of Henry, Lord Gray, in 1478, and the Earl of Kildare in 1479. 

 In some special cases a Deputy was allowed to appoint a Deputy. This 

 power was expressly" set out in the indenture of Thomas de Lancaster. 

 Accordingly, when his Deputy, Sir Stephen Leserop, in 1405 and 1407, had to 

 go over to England, the latter appointed James, Earl of Ormond, as his 

 Deputy : he also made Sir William de Burgh his Deputy in Connaught in 

 1403. Henry, Lord Gray, Deputy of George, Earl of Clarence, appointed Sii- 

 Eobert Preston his Deputy in 1479, and by Statute 3 Ed. IV, c. 5, Desmond 

 as Deputy was allowed to appoint a Deputy, 'I homas FitzMaurice, Earl of 

 Kildare, so that Clarence's patent should not be invalid. On the death of a 

 Deputy in office, it was usual for the Couueil to elect a Gustos or Justice till 

 the King's pleasure should be made known : but in 1454, on the death of 

 Sir Edward FitzEustace, Deputy of Hichard, Duke of York, a fresh patent was 

 given to the latter by the King to avoid any complications. In 1423 the 

 Chancellor refused [to acknowledge the Bishop of Meath as Deputy of the 

 Earl of if arch, as he had been appointed under the Earl's privy seal, and not 

 under the Great Seal of Ireland ; and in 1478 the Earl of Kildare also refused 

 to acknowledge Gray's patent as Deputy for the same reason, as it was under 

 the pri\'y signet. 



(e) Various Titles. 



Though Hugh de;Lacy was appointed Justiciar by Henry II in 1172, his 

 successors in the office of Chief Governor of Ii-eland, up to 1185, received 

 various titles. Thus Eaymond le Gros, in 1176, and WUHam EitzAudclin, in 

 the' same year, and Philip of Worcester, in 1184, were styled Frocuratores. 

 Hugh de Lacy, in 1177, was called Procurator-Gemral ; while in 1173 Pdchard 

 de Clare was appointed CvMos Regni, and in 1181 John de Lacy and Pilchard 

 de Pec were styled Cit-stodes Dublinii. In 1374 Sir- William de Windsor, who 

 had been the King's Lieutenant, 1369-72, returned to Ireland as Gnhemator, 

 with the enormous salary of £11,213 6s. M. for one year, agreeing to stay 

 longer at the same rate, and to receive 500 marks extia if staying at the 

 King's-command, though it is true that for this sum he had to maintain 200 

 men-at-arms and 400 archers for one year. 



