C A UN ARIA. 75 



C. lupus, L. (The AVolf.) A large species with a straight tail; legs 

 fawn-coloured, with a black stripe on the fore-legs when adult; the most 

 mischievous of all the Carnaria of Europe. It is found from Egypt to Lap- 

 land, and appears to have passed into America. Towards the north, in 

 winter, its fur becomes white. It attacks all our animals, yet does not ex- 

 hibit a courage proportioned to its strength. It often feeds on carrion. Its 

 habits and physical development are closely related to those of the Dog. 



C. juhaius, Cuv.; ^goura-Gouazou, Azzar. (The Red Wolf) A fine 

 cinnamon-red: a short black mane along the spine. From the marshes of 

 South America. 



C. aureus, L.. (The Chacal or Jackal.) Less than the preceding; the 

 muzzle more pointed; of a greyish brown; thighs and legs of a light fawn 

 colour; some red on the ear; the tail scarcely reaching further than the 

 heel. It is a voracious animal, which hunts like the Dog, and in its con- 

 formation and the facility with which it is tamed, resembles the latter more 

 closely than any otlier wild species. Jackals are found from the Indies 

 and the environs of the Cispian sea, as far as, and in Guinea; it is not cer- 

 tain, however, that they are all of one species. Those of Senegal for in- 

 stance, C anihus, Fr. Cuv., stand higher, appear to have a sharper muzzle, 

 and the tail a little longer. 



Foxes may be distinguished from tlie Wolf and Dog by a longer and more 

 tufted tail, by a more pointed muzzle, by pupils which during the day 

 form a vertical fissure, and by the upper incisors being less sloping. They 

 diffuse a fetid odour, dig burrows, and attack none but the weaker animals. 

 This subgenus is more numerous than the preceding one. 



C.vulpes,h. (The Common Fox.) More or less red; tip of the tail white; 

 found from Sweden to Egypt. Those of tlie north have merely a more 

 brilliant fur. 



The prairies of North America produce a little Fox, C. velox, Harl. and 

 Say; which lives in burrows. 



C. cinereo-argenteus, Schreb. (The Tri-coloured Fox of America. ) Ash- 

 coloured above; white beneath; a cinnamon-red band along the flanks. 

 From all the warm and temperate parts of the two Americas. 



C, argentatus. (The Silver or Black Fox.) Black; tips of the hairs 

 white, except on the ears, shoulders and tail, where they are of a pure 

 black. The end of the tail is all white. From North America. Its fur is 

 most beautiful, and very costly. 



The interior of Africa produces Foxes remarkable for the size of their 

 ears, and the strength of the hairs oftheir mustachios; they are the Mega- 

 I.OTIS of Illiger. 



Finally, we may place after the Dogs, as a fourth subgenus, distinguished 

 by the number of toes, which is four to each foot, the 



Hyaena venatica, Bursch. (The Wild Dog of the Cape.) It has the 

 dental system of the Dog and not that of the Hyena; a long and thin form; 

 the fur mottled, with white and fawn colour, grey and black; size of the wolf; 

 large ears with black tips, &c. It is gregarious, and frequently approaches 

 Cape Town, devastating its environs. 



