112 MAMMALIA. 



nantia, they alone possess. Instead of the large hoof flattened on its Inter- 

 nal side which envelopes the whole inferior portion of each toe, and which 

 determines the figure of the common cloven-foot, they have but one small 

 one, which only adheres to the last phalanx, and is symmetrically formed 

 like the hoofs of the Pachydermata. 



Cameitis, Cuv. 



Camels, properly so called, have the two toes united below, nearly to the 

 point, by a common sole, and the back furnished with lumps of fat. They 

 are large animals of the eastern continent, of which two species are known, 

 both completely reduced to a domestic state. 



C. hactrianus. (The Two-Humped Camel.) Originally from central 

 Asia, and which descends to the south much less than the 



C. dromedarius. (The One-Humped Camel. ) Which has spread from 

 Arabia into all the north of Africa, a great part of Syria, Persia, &c. 



AUCHENIA, lUig. 

 In the Lamas the two toes are separate; they are without humps. But 

 two distinct species are known, the Lama and the Paco, both from the wes- 

 tern continent, and much smaller than the two preceding ones. 



MoscHus, Lin. 

 The Musks are much less anomalous than the Camels, differing from the 

 ordinary Ruminantia only in the absence of horns, in having a long canine 

 tooth on each side of the upper jaw, which in the male issues from the 

 mouth, and finally in having a slender peronseus, which is not found even 

 in the Camel. These animals are remarkably light and elegant. 



M. moschiferus, L.; Buff. (The Musk.) This is the most celebrated 

 species, and the size of a goat, has scarcely any tail, and is completely 

 covered with hairs so coarse and brittle that they might be termed spines. 



All the rest of the Ruminantia, the males at least, have two horns, 

 that is to say, two prominences of the frontal bones which are not 

 found in any other family of animals. 



In some, these prominences are covered with an elastic sheath 

 composed as if with agglutinated hairs, which increases by layers 

 and during life; the name ofhorn is applied to the substance of this 

 sheath, and the sheath itself is called the corne creuse or horn mould. 

 The prominence it envelopes grows with it, and never falls. Such 

 are the horns of Oxen^ Sheep, Goats and Antelopes. 



In others, the prominences are only covered with a hairy skin, 

 continuous with that of the head; nor do the prominences fall, those 

 of the Giraffe excepted. 



