32 FOSSIL MASTODON AND MAMMOTH"- REMAINS. 



Scapula — Inches. 



Length, from margin of glenoid cavity to superior angle 39 



Width, from posterior angle to opposite border 28 



Glenoid cavity, diameter 9y,, 5% 



Circumference of head 32}^ 



Weight oV/i pounds. 



Longest rib, on outer curve 52 



Widest rib, across 4 



Vertebra (first dorsal) — 



Width and depth of centrum 5% 



Across lateral process : 11/^ 



Length of dorsal process 10 



Height of neural arch 2^ 



Width of neural arch 2^ 



Bight tibia — 



Length 35 , 



Circumference at top 22^ 



Circumference at middle 10^ 



Humerus, circumference at lower end 37 



{Iowa. Geological Survey, Vol. IX, pp. 332—353.) 



Mad creek. — About one mile from where it empties into the 

 Mississippi river, Mad creek has cut awaj' the point of a hill, the 

 top of which is loess. This cut forms an almost perpendicular 

 bank, probably forty feet high. About ten feet from the top is a 

 bed of gravel, perhaps one foot thick. In this gravel bed, Mr. Joe 

 Freeman found a considerable fragment of an elephant tooth. 



{F. M. Witter, Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science, Vol. I, 

 part 2, p. 61. 



Muscatine. — From the loess in the citj^of Muscatine. Professor 

 Witter has taken teeth, bones, and antlers of a species of caribou 

 or deer, and a tusk and teeth of a mammoth or mastodon. 



{Iowa Geological Survey, Vol. IX, p. 360.) 



PAGE COUNTY. 



Blaachard. — Large bones which, from the description given, 

 must have, belonged to the mastodon or mammoth, were found 

 fifty-four feet below the surface while digging a well at Blanchard, 



