ON THE PROBOSCIDEAN FOSSILS OF THE PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS. 57 



loess-kindchen.* But it is not known in tliis case that these mam. 

 mals came from the same locahties as the mastodon, and tlie 

 present writer believes it can be shown that all the loess in that 

 region is not of the same age. Hence it is perhaps a question 

 whether the co-existence of these fossils with the mastodon is 

 really proven b}^ Professor McAdams's observations. That the}^ 

 all really did inhabit this country contemj^oraneously, is none the 

 less most probable. 



Man and the Elephants. 



On the question of the co-existence of the elephant or the mas- 

 todon with man, these data give no direct testimony except in 

 one instance, which is mentioned by M. T. Myers, of Fort Madi- 

 son. He reports having found "one human leg bone and one flint 

 arrow-head" associated with the remains of a mammoth recov- 

 ered from the alluvium of Lost creek, in Lee county, in Iowa. It 

 is not known precisely how close this association was, and in view 

 of the importance of the question, this find would seem to merit a 

 more detailed stud}' and a more full statement of facts. The as- 

 sociation is reported from a region where so-called "elephant 

 pipes" have been claimed to occur in mounds constructed by ear- 

 lier inhabitants of this country.* If these pipes are genuine, they 

 prove beyond a doubt that the race wlio built the moinids were 

 the contemporaries of the elephant, for the pipes are fashioned 

 with the form of this animal. At all events, the evident recency 

 of some of the proboscidian remains makes us expectant of some 

 fortunate discovery giving conclusive proof that man lived on 

 this continent while these huge mammals were j-et here. 



* Geological Survey of Illinois, Vol. VIII. p. 8. 



* Proceedings of Davenport Academy of Natural Sciences, Vol, III, p, 132. and Vo', II, p. 349. 



