THE FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA. 15 



Georg Christian Oder was born at Anspach, Germany, tlie 

 3rcl of February, 1728. He took the degree of doctor (jf medicine 

 in 1749, later moved to Denmark, where lie was appointed profes- 

 sor at the University of Copenhagen in 1754, became 'SStiftsamt- 

 man" at Drontheim, Norway, in 1773, moved to (Jldenburg in 

 1773, where died the 28th of January, 1791. 



His most prominent botanical work was the above mentioned 

 Flora Diinica, of which he published the first three volumes. These 

 contain a large number of Greenland plants. 



Christen Frits RottboU was born at HSrbj', Zealand, Denmark, 

 the 3rd of April 1727. became doctor of medicine in 1755, 

 professor in 1756, and director of the botanical garden in Copen- 

 hagen in 1776. He died in Copenhagen the 15th of June, 1797. 



The only article from his hand that bears directly on Ameri- 

 can botany is, 



Afhandling om en Deel rare Planter, som 1 Island og Gronland ere fuudne, etc. 

 1770. 



cinders Johan Retzius \vas born at Christianstad, Sweden, 

 the 3rd of October, 1742, became doctor of philosophy in 1766, 

 and was professor at the Universitj' of Lund 1777 — 1812. He 

 died at Stocldiolm the 6th of October, 1821. Limifvus, L;>>sta- 

 dius,Wahlenberg, and Retzius are those of the older botanists who 

 did the most to make the flora of Lapland kiiown. They therefore 

 laid the foundation to the knowledge of the Arctic vegetation in 

 general. Among other botanical works he published the follow- 

 ing, which also included Greenland: 



Flora ScandinaviiB Prodromus, 1779 [together with two supplements]. 



C. West Indies and Central America. 



Carolus Linnaeus (See above). 



Cari Gustaf Sandmark, a pupil of Linnaeus, wrote a disser- 

 tation which was based on a collection secured by Linnaeus from 

 P. Browne. In reality- this did not contain anything new, as the 

 species had already been described in -'Systema Natunv" by Lin- 

 nieus. The only value Sandmark's dissertation has is that it 

 gives more extensive descriptions. 



Flora Jamaicensis, 1759. 



Gabriel Etmgren, also a disciple of linnteus, wrote a disser- 

 tation based on the same collection of P. Browne. What is said 



